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400 BCE
Democritus
He was known as the laughing Philosopher, and he was one of the two founders of the ancient atomist theory. The ancient atomist theory stated that all matter made of small pieces were indivisible. -
387 BCE
Plato
His works in philosophy and mathematics laid the foundation for others to gain knowledge. He also founded an academy in Athens. -
335 BCE
Aristotle
He was a pioneer in all fields of philosophy and science, he also founded the lyceum. -
850
The Alchemists
The Alchemists were early forms of chemists and had some primitive ideas like thinking that all forms of metal were created with Sulfur and Mercury. -
Lavoisier
Antoine Lavoisier was a French chemist who was commonly referred to as the Father of modern chemistry because of his role in discovering what oxygen does in combustion and respiration. He also named Hydrogen. -
John Dalton
He was an English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist. John Dalton is most known for introducing atomic theory into chemistry. -
Newland's law of octaves
A generalization made by J.A.R Newland about the atomic number that gave order to elements -
Mendeleev’s Pd. Table
Five years after Newland's law of octaves, Dmitri Mendeleev published his periodic table, rearranging some elements in order of atomic mass; becoming the basis of the periodic table we use today. -
Photoelectric Effect
This effect is described as a metal plate having lighted shined on it and it releases electrons. This effect was discovered by Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. -
Discovery of Radioactivity
Becquerel heard about Roentgen’s discovery in January 1896, and decided to wrap photographic plates in black paper so sun couldn't reach them. He opened the drawer in march and saw that image was clearer than he expected -
Discovery of the electron
J.J. Thompson was experimenting with cathode rays and discovered they were negatively charged, discovering the electron -
Plum Pudding Model
A model made by J.J. Thompson showing that an atom has a structure to it consisting positive and negative charges -
Planck’s Quantum Theory of Light
A theory proposed by Max Planck that explained why materials grew to become different color and glow red when they got extremely hot. -
Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
Rutherford conducted an experiment in which alpha particles, that have a positive charge, hit a piece of gold foil and most particles went through proving that gold is mostly empty space. -
Bohr's Planetary Model
Its called the planetary model because of how in his model the electrons orbit the nucleus like planets. -
Discovery of the proton
Ernest Rutherford discovered the first proton accidentally caused by a nuclear reaction which made the first atom split. -
Schrodinger Equation
A linear partial differential equation that shows how quantum mechanics work. It was discovered by Erwin Schrödinger when he created a formula that accurately energy levels in atoms. -
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
A principle formulated by a German physicist named Heisenberg, which states that we cannot know both the position and speed of a particle, such as a photon or electron, with perfect accuracy. -
Discovery of the Neutron
James Chadwick found an uncharged particle which he called a neutron because it had a neutral charge. He also got a Phd with Rutherford