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Jan 8, 1444
Atlantic Slave Trade
The brutal trade was spurred by a strong demand for labor on plantations in the Americas. Eventually, it became an integral part of an international trading system in which Europeans and North Americans exchanged merchandise for human cargo along Africa’s western and west central Atlantic coasts.
•Captured Africans were sold to European slave traders on the West African coast. -
Aug 8, 1444
Scope of the slave Trade
Begins in 144 Middle Passage” – Millions of Africans were taken in ship, under inhuman conditions, for the voyage across the Atlantic
•Captured Africans were sold to European slave traders on the West African coast. -
Jan 1, 1492
Religious Immigration
The start of the European Colonization of the Americas is typically dated to 1492, although there was at least one earlier colonization effort.
•Settlers in the colonies of Portugal and Spain (and later, France) were required to belong to that faith. -
Feb 10, 1492
Disease and Indigenous Population Loss
The large-scale contact with Europeans after 1492 introduced novel germs to the indigenous people of the Americas.
•Epidemics swept the Americas subsequent to European contact, killing between 10 million and 100 million people, up to 95% of the indigenous population of the Americas :
•smallpox (1518, 1521, 1525, 1558, 1589,
•typhus (1546),
•influenza (1558),
•diphtheria (1614)
•and measles (1618) -
Identured Servants
Was a young and unskilled employee hired to work for an employer for a fixed period of time, usually three to seven years, in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities during the course of his contract.
•From the beginning of VA's settlements in 1587 until the 1680s, the main source of labor and a large portion of the immigrants. -
The Seerch for Riches.
The first Englishmen to settle permanently in America hoped for some of the same rich discoveries when they established their first permanent settlement in Jamestown, VA in 1607.
•The main purpose of this colony was the hope of finding gold. -
identured Servants(cont)
The employer is often permitted to assign the labor of an indenturee to a third party. Indenturees usually enter into an indenture for a specific payment or other benefit or to meet a legal obligation, such as debt bondage. Upon completion of the contract, indentured servants were granted freedom or occasionally plots of land. In many countries, systems of indentured labor have been outlawed.
•By selling passage for 5 to 7 years worth of work they could then start out on their own in America. -
Virginia Colonies
The Virginia Colony was founded in 1607 by John Smith and other colonists including John Rolfe backed by the London Company, at Jamestown.the colonists of that searching for gold was not taking care of their immediate needs for food and shelter and the biblical principle that "he who will not work shall not eat.“
Tobacco later became a cash crop, with the work of John Rolfe and others. -
Migration of North Americ
•The the notion of rule by divine right, Charles I, King of England and Scotland, persecuted religious dissenters. -
The Slavery question
John Wesley was an ardent opponent of slavery. Many of the leaders of early American Methodism shared his hatred for this form of human bondage. The United Brethren in Christ took a strong stand against slavery, as church members could not sell a slave, and by 1837 ruled that slave owners could not continue as members. -
Forced Immigration and Enslavement
African American life in the United States has been framed by migrations, forced and free. A forced migration from Africa—the transatlantic slave trade—carried black people to the Americas. A second forced migration—the internal slave trade—transported them from the Atlantic coast to the interior of the American South. A third migration—this time initiated largely, but not always, by black Americans—carried black people from the rural South to the urban North.
