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Jackie Robinson hired to the Brooklyn Dodgers
-Color Line:Barrier created by law that separated whites from nonwhites.
-Four years after 1946 National Basketball Association accepted its first African American players.
-1946 President Truman wanted to do something about segregation in the military. -
Executive Order 9981
-segregation: Established by practice and custom not by law.
-July 26 1948 Truman signed the Executive Order 9981.
-The Executive Order 9981 stated “It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin.” -
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) founded
-Civil Rights: rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.
- CORE was committed to nonviolent direct action as a means of change.
-Early 1900's National Urban League formed in response to the Great Migration of blacks to Northern Cities. -
Brown v. Board of Education
-Thurgood Marshall: NAACP'S lead attorney, showed evidence showing how segregation harmed African Americans children.
-1951 NAACP sued the Topeka school district in court.
-May 17, 1954 Earl Warren announced the Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
-Boycott: Something that was banned that forbid you to do something.
-Rosa Parks: 43 year old African American women that refused to give up her seat to a white person on a bus.
-1954 the Supreme Court ruling in Brown V. Board of Education outlawed segregation in Public schools it still happened in much of the South.
-MIA extended the Montgomery Bus boycott. -
Integration of Central High School
-Little Rock Nine: A group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High school in 1957.
-Governor Orval Faubus declared that he wouldn't support desegregation in Little Rock.
-September 4, 1957 was when the nine students begin class at Little Rock Central High school. -
Freedom Rides
-Civil Disobedience: peaceful protest against something protester disagrees with.
- CORE was involved with organizing these Freedom Rides.
-CORE ended up abandoning the Freedom Rides, but SNCC continued them.
-Some freedom riders were beat up for their cause. -
First Lunch Counter Sit-in
-Jim Crow Laws: State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in Southern United States.
-Sit ins: Form of protest that demonstrators occupy a place and refused to leave until their demands were met. -SNCC trained students in civil disobedience counseling them to deliberately break laws they consider unjust. -
Birmingham Campaign: Letter from a Birmingham Jail
-SCLC: Southern Christian Leadership Conference it is an African American civil rights organization.
-April 12 Martin Luther King Jr. and 50 other people demonstrated protesting and was quickly arrested.
- SCLC decided to turn and help out the children. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Plessy v. Ferguson: It was a landmark constitutional law case of the US supreme court.
- August 28 more than 250,000 people marched in Washington. -Martin Luther King Jr. gave his I have a Dream speech on August 28 1963
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
-disenfranchise means not allowing people to vote
-Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965
-African Americans got the right to vote because of this Act. -
March on Washington
-NAACP:
