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Period: to
Art History 260 Survey 1 Image Timeline
Jeana Turner,
Marina Nastepniak,
Maddie Dittmer -
Woman From Willendorf
Prehistoric Art, 24,000 BCE, Austria, the Paleolithic Period Large belly with a deep navel, wide hips, dimpled knees and butt, solid thighs, large breasts, 4 3/8th inches high, carved, hand-helled stone, round/full shape Symbolized the value of women's body, well nurished: expressing health and fertility to produce strong children. -
Hall of Bulls
Prehistoric Art Lascaux Cave Dordogne, France
c.15000 BCE
the Paleolithic Period Cave paintings of bulls on the ceiling and walls (spraying, drawing with fingers or blocks of ocher, and daubing). Images of cows, bulls, horses, and deer along the natural edges of the rock, utilized the curving wall to suggest space. The bear (ibex), engraved felines, and a wooly rhino appear singly, in rows, face to face, tail to tail, painted on top of each other. One man displaying life and movement. -
Human Figure
Prehistoric Art 'Ain Ghazal, Jordan
6500 BCE
the Neolithic Period Bundled twig figures with layers of plaster. Found in 2 pits: (1) 12 busts and 13 full figures (2) 2 full figures, 2 fragmental busts, and 3 figures which had 2 heads. They were 3ft tall, eyes were made with cowrie shells painted with bitumen to represent pupils - open eyes. In context, these represent living, breathing individuals who are not able (or willing) to speak. Used plaster for houses and as ceremonial functions. -
Ruins and PLan of the Anu Ziggurat and White Temple
Ancient Near East Uruk (Warka, Iraq)
3300-3000 BCE
Mesopotamia (Fertile Crescent) Built on top of a large Mound (tell, tepe, or huyuk) to be protected from floods. The mound represents the accumulated debris of generations of human habitation. They also yeild evidence about the people who inhabited the site. It's platform is 40ft with the "White Temple" on top. There is an off-center doorway leading to a chamber with an altar, smaller spaces open on each side, statues of gods and donors. -
Stele of Hammurabi
Ancient Near East - Susa, c. 1792-1750 BCE "the Code of Hammurabi" - a conversation about justice between god and man. Hammurabi is standing in prayer before Shamash (sun god of justice). Rays on Shamash's shoulders as he sits, crowned by a conical horned cap on a backless throne, holding symbols of power (measuring rod and rope circle). Shamash gives septer to king Hammurabi. Punishment for breakin laws are based on wealth, class, and gender (eye for an eye). -
"Peplos" Kore
Ancient Greece - Acropolis, Athens, the Archaic Period, c. 530 BCE Made of marble, woman that is clothed (other than the naked men). Her bare arms and head convey a sense of soft flesh covering a real bone structure, and her smile/hair are less stylized. Original painted colors would make her seem more lifelike, and she also once wore a metal crown and jewelry. The name "peplos" is based on an assessment of her clothing as a young girl's peplos - a draped rectangle of cloth -
The Parthenon, Acropolis
Ancient Greece - Athens, the High Classical Period, c. 447-432 Pantelic marble, required amazing mathematical/ architect / mechanical /sculptor /painter skills, porportions (sense of harmony and balance). Themes: triumph of democratic Greek city-states over imperial Persia and triumph of enlightened Greek cyvilization over depotism and barbarism. -
Bull Leaping
Ancient Aegean Art Knossos, Crete
c. 1550-1450 BCE
The Late Minoan Period A wall painting with areas of modern reconstruction from the palace complx in Knossos, Crete. This wall painting is part of a group with bulls as subjects. There are three sanctily clad youths around a gigantic drappled bull which is charging in the "flying-gallop" pose. Overlapping shapes filled with ornament set within striped bands creates a frame around the image. -
Corbel Vault, Interior of Tholos
Ancient Aegean Art Mycenae, Greece
c. 1300-1200 BCE
The Mycenaean Period This is the main tomb chamber of Tholos Tombs, part of the Treasury of Atreus. It is a circular room 47.5 feet in diameter and 43 feet high. It is roofed with a corbel vault built up in layers of ashlar. These precisely cut blocks of stone smoothly lean inward and were carefully calculated to meet in the middle at the peak. This whole monument was covered with eart creating a conical hill. -
Reclining Couple on a Sarcophagus
Etruscan Art Cerveteri, Italy
c. 520 BCE
Etruscan Period A husband and wife are shown reclining comfortably on a dining couch. The smooth, lifelike forms of their upper bodies are vertical and square-shouldered, but their hips and extended legs seem to sink into the softness of the couch. They have alert eyes and warm smiles. -
Dome of the Rock
Islamic Art Jerusalem, Israel
691
Fourteenth Century This is the interior of the Dome of the Rock. The arches of the inner and outer face of the central arcade are encrusted with golden mosaics, a Byzantine technique adapted for Islamic use. The carpets and ceilings are modern but probably reflect the original patron's intention. Gold and turquoise mosaics communicate both the text and a dazzling visual dispaly. -
Mosque at Cordoba
Islamic Art Cordoba, Spain
785
Fourteenth Century The interior incorporates reused columns of slightly varying heights. Two tiers of hoseshoe arches surmount these columns. They are red brick and white stone alternating and creating a unique pattern. The melon-shaped ribbed dome over the central bay shows the Islamic interest in mathematics and geometry. Lushly patterned mosaics with inscriptions, geometric motifs, and stylized begetation clothe are in color and gold. -
Page from the Qur'an
Islamic Art Iraq
9th Century Red diacritical marksaccent the dark brown ink. The chapter title is embedded in the burnished ornament at the bottom of the sheet. The brilliant gold of the framed words and the knoblike projection in the left-handed margin are a distinctive means of marking chapter breaks. -
Nike (Victory) of Samothrace
Ancient Greece Paris
the Hellenistic Period
180 BCE Clothing of women, dramatic stance, tight/soft drapery, placed in front of a ship (now in a fountain). It reminded visitors of Greek god descending from heaven to determine the outcome of the drama. -
The Good Shepherd, Orants, and the Story of Jonah
Early Christian Art Rome
late 3rd-early 4th century Christians (Jews) used catacombs for burials and funeral ceremonies - not worship. It contains the remains of S.S. Peter and Marcellinus, central medallion, and 4 lunettes (semicircular framed by arches). In the center is a Good Shephered -reminder of Jesus' promise: 'i am the good shephered. A good shepherd lays down his life for his sheep". Semi circular compartments surrounding the Good Shepherd tell the story of Jonah an dthe Sea Monster -
The Step Pyramid and Sham Buildings, Funerary Complex Of Djoser, Saqqara
Stepped Pyramid and sham buildings of funerary complex of Djoser
Saqqara
c. 2667 - 2648 BCE
Old Kingdom The final structure is a step pyramid formed by six-mastaba like elements of decreasing size stacked on top of each other . Although the step pyramid resembles the ziggurats of Mesopotamia, it differs in both meanings (signifying a stairway to the sun god Ra) and purpose (protecting a tomb). A 92-foot shaft descended from the original mastaba enclosed within the pyramid. -
Hatshepsut Kneeling
Hateshepsut Kneeling
Red granite; Deir El Bahari
18th dynasty, reign of Hatshepsut, 1502 – 1482 BC; Hatshepsut had to be portrayed in her new role. She was respresented as a male king, wearing a kilt and linen headdress. Ocassionally even a kings false beard. -
The Good Shepard Orants And the Story Of Johnah
Painted ceiling of the catacombs of S.S. Peter and Marcellinius, Rome. Late 3rd and Early 4th Century. The ceiling of a cubiculum is partitioned by a cetral medallion, or round compartment, and four lunettes, semicircular framed by arches. At the center is a Good Shepard, whose pose has roots in Classical sculpture. -
Sarcophagus Of Junius Bassus
Sarcophagus Of Junius Bassus
Grottoes of St. Peter, Vatican, Rome. c. 359. Marble. Packed with elaborate, figural scenes like the 2nd century CE Dionysus Sarcophagus only here they are separeated into two registers, where columns entablatures and gables divide the space into fields for individual scene. -
Interior Of The Church Of Hagia Sophia
Interior Of The Church Of Hagia Sophia
Constantinopole (Istanbul). Byzantine Era. 532-537. Teh building is clearly dominated by the hovering form of its gigantic dome. But flanking conches- semi domes- extend the central space into the longitudinal nave the expands outward from the central dome to connect with the narthex on one end and the half dome of the sanctuary apse on the order. This processional core called the naos in Byzantine architecture, is flanked by sides, isle, and galleries. -
Large water Tank, Mohenjo-Daro
Large water Tank, Mohenjo-Daro
Indus Valley civilization (Harappan) c. 2600-1900 BCE. Possibly a public or ritual bathing area.
Among the buildings is a remarkable water tank, a large watertight pool that may have been a public bath but could also have had a ritual use. -
Geat Stupa, Sanchi
Madhya Pradesh, India. founded 3rd Century BCE, enlarged c. 150-50 BCE.
The Great Stupa at Sanchi is representative of the early central Indian type. Its solid, hemispherical dome was built up from rubble and dirt, faced with dressed stone & covered with a shining white plaster made from lime and powdered seashells. The dome- echoing the arch of the sky- sits on a raised base. Around the perimeter is a walway enclosed by a railing; an eleavated walkway is approached by a staircase on the S. side -
Yakshi Bracket Figure
Yakshi Bracket Figure
East torana of the Great Stupa at Sanchi. Stone. 1st Century BCE. Maurya Period. These yakshis are some of the finest female figures in the Indian art and they make an instructive comparison with the Yakshi of the Maurya Period. The Sanchi Yakshi leans daringly into space with casual abandom supported by one leg as the other charmingly corsses behind. Her thin, diaphanous garment is noticable only by its hems, and so she appears almost nude, which emphasizes her form. -
Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho
Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho
Madhya Pradesh, india. Chandella Dynasty, c. 1000 CE. The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple is in the Northen style with the curvilinear shikhara rising over it's garbhagriha. Larger, more extensively ornamented, and expanded through theaddition of halls on the front and porches to the sides and back, the temple seems at first glance to have little in common with it's precursor at Deogarh. Actually, however, the basic elements and their symbolism remain unchanged. -
Erotic Couples On Wall Of Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho
Erotic Couples On Wall Of Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho
Madhya Pradesh, india. Chandella Dynasty, c. 1000 CE. These carvings are not placed haphazardly, but rather in garbhagriha and the last mandapa. Their significance is uncertain; perhaps the derive from the amorous couples that adorn temple doorways leading to the garbhagriha. They serve as reminders that devotion to god resembles the passion of love.
