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French and Indian War
French and Native Americans vs. Britain and the Colonies. Causes: 100 years war (broader historical conflict), Ohio River Valley claims
Effects: End of salutary neglect -
Pontiac's Rebellion
Chief Pontiac led an attack of Native Americans against colonists on the western frontier.
Cause: Animosity after the French and Indian War
Effect: Proclamation line of 1763 -
Proclamation Line of 1763
British imposed boundary to stop westward expansion/conflict with natives due to westward expansion.
Cause: Pontiac's rebellion
Effect: Total denial of the proclamation, outright defiance and continuing westward expansion from colonists -
Stamp Act
All documents needed to have stamps (legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, advertisements)
Cause: British army in the colonies costs
Effect: Anger, boycotts, revolutionary war -
Declaratory Act
Declared Parliament had the right to tax colonists
Cause: Repealed the unpopular stamp act
Effect: More taxation, conflict -
Tea Act
Part of the Townshend Acts was a tax on tea. The Tea Act made British East India Company tea cheaper than smuggled Dutch tea. Colonists still refused to buy it because it would recognize Parliament
Cause: East India Company's financial struggles
Effect: Boston Tea Party -
Boston Tea Party
Colonists dumped out British Tea shipments.
Cause: Tea Act
Effect: Retaliatory Coercive Acts (aka Intolerable Acts) -
First Continental Congress
Declaration and Resolves, made requests of the British
(to repeal the Intolerable Acts)
Cause: Intolerable ACts
Effects: Revolutionary War -
Second Continental Congress
Declaration of Independence (and later constitution)
Cause: Nothing resolved after first (by British)
Effect: Revolutionary War -
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson, declared independence from Britain
Cause: British did not change their behavior
Effect: Revolutionary war -
Articles of Confederation
First constitution of the US; adopted by Congress in 1777. Ratified 1781 when Virginia and NY got on board
Causes: New nation
Effects: Won the war, land ordinances, but weaknesses soon exposed -
Treaty of Paris
Britain recognize existence of US, Mississippi River=boundary, fishing rights, war debts
Causes: Yorktown (resounding Colonial victory)
Effects: End of the war -
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Rules for new states, limited self government
Cause: Articles
Effect: precedent for new states -
Constitutional Convention
Revisions to the Articles
Cause: Articles very weak
Effect: Constitution -
Ratificatin of the US Constitution
Contraversial, almost a year of debate. Anti-Federalists opposed. Happened with New Hampshire, but unity achieved with the addition of Virginia and New York
Cause: Constituion written
Effect: Constitution in effect, national unity -
Proclamation of Neutrality
Washington decided the US would nto get involved in the French Revolution or European affairs due to heavy war debts still existing.
Cause: French requests for aid
Effects: Kept Britain as a trading partner -
Whiskey Rebellion
Taxes on whiskey not well received by farmers in western Pennsylvania. They attacked revenue collectors.
Cause: Hamilton's econ plan didn't get the tariffs he wanted, so imposed taxes on whiskey to make up
Effect: Washington sent 15,000 militaimen under Hamilton to suppress rebellion -
Jay's treaty
John Jay to talk about impressment, but treaty very bad
Cause: British impressment
Effect: neutrality remained (but didn't even address impressment) -
Pinkney's treaty
Established 31st parallel, treaty with spain
Cause: Jay's treaty signalled unity with Britain
Effect: Access to New Orleans + Port -
Washington's Farewell Address
2 terms up, decided to resign. 1. neutrality 2. no sectionalism 3. no political parties
Cause: Washington resignation/no reelection
Effect: none (no one listened), but did set 2 term precedent -
XYZ Affair
Big scandal for Adams! VP was Jefferson, pressured him to release transcripts of talks with France, but it showed that they were trying to bribe the US. But Adams did not start war.
Cause: French Impressment
Effect: Did not start war, but stirred American anti-French sentiment -
Alien and Sedition Acts
Restricted rights for immigrents, could not criticize government, tyranny of the federalists, president authority over deportations
Cause: Federalist victory in both chambers
Effect: Adams voted out -
Kentucky and Virginia resolutions
Kentucky and VA nullified Alien and Sedition Acts
Cause: alien and sedition acts
Effect: Used as precedent for states defying federal policy -
Election of 1800
Jefferson beat Burr, democratic republicans in power. Peaceful transition of power!!!!!!!!
Cause: Hamilton encouraged his supporters to vote for Jefferson
Effect: Peaceful transition of power, precedent for democracy