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Jan 1, 1301
Ottoman Empire
When the Byzantine empire decline the Ottoman empire stepped in and took over. It was one of the many largest and long lasting empires and it was successful because it circled around the religion, Islam. It was also very successful being under the ruler of their great emperor, Suleiman the Magnificent who conquered much places like Hungary and the Balkans. The empire was very successful unitl it declined in 1571 after being defeated in the Battle of Lepanto. -
Jan 1, 1375
Songhai Empire
A province that was originally a part of Mali but when Mali began becoming weak the Songhai took advantage and took over, becoming an empire. The empire was successful with the organization they had, strong central government, and strong army. The Songhai was very wealthy because of the Trans-Saharan trade route and all the Muslim cities. The Empire succeeded even after the death of their first emperor but were eventual eventually conquered in 1591by a civil war army. -
Jan 1, 1394
Prince Henry The Navigator
The son of King Joao of Portugal, he is famous for his important voyages that he controlled and paid for, Prince Henry also established a school of navigation, mapmaking, and shipbuilding for sailors to learn and better their skills on ships and ship design. Henry created the popular Caravel and is best known for his expeditions to the Atlantic Ocean, down the western coast of Africa. Henry died in 1460. -
Mar 30, 1432
Reign of Mehmed the Conquerer
Mehmed was ruler of the Ottoman Empire twice but never ruled for a long time. He was best known for conquering Constantiniple (Bringing down the Byzantine Empire), Anatolia and the Balkans, expanding the ottoman Empire. he also conquered much of Asia and Europe when he sent military crusades there. Mehmed is known for being a hero, he died at a young age for being poisoned by his Persian doctor, whom was executed later for being guilty. -
Jan 1, 1450
Dias' Voyage Into The Indian Ocean
Bartolomeu Dias was a Portuguese navigator who traveled around the Cape of Hope and sailed around around southernmost tip Aftrica's Cabo de Agulhas, to enter the Indian Ocean and open a trade route. A trade route had already been built there, but was shut down dure to the Ottoman's Empire conquest. Dias' successfully re-established the trade route and increased trade from Europe to Asia. He also happened to be a big inspiration for Christopher Columber. Dias' died on sea in the 1500's. -
Jan 1, 1464
Sunni Ali
The first emperor of the Songhai Empire and better known as Ali the Great. With Ali reign he brought great wealth to his empire conquering all neighboring lands making the Songhai Empire, Africa's largest empire. -
Jan 1, 1466
Montezuma II
Montezuma was a successful emperor that ruled present-day Mexico. He was admired as well as hated by some when he demanded innocent victims for religious sacrifice. When Hernan Cortes arrived in 1519, his plan was to take over the empire, many of Montezuma's haters turned on him and assisted Cortes. Montezuma soon killed by Cortes in 1519. The Aztec Empire ended then. -
Nov 10, 1483
Martin Luther
Martin Luther was a German priest, proffesor and monk that became popular because of his 95 theses. When the Catholic Church began selling Indulgences to clear sins for the oppurtunity to go to Heaven Martin opposed and taught others that the only way to go to Heaven was through faith and good deeds. The Catholic Church did not like what he was saying and sent him to be killed but Luther escaped, married and published his beliefs, with the printing press,inspiring mainly Germans -
Aug 3, 1492
Columbus First Voyage
After getting the King and Queen of Spain to approve and pay for his voyages, Columbus set off to the find new land with his three ships: Pinta, the Nina, and the Santa Maria. -
Jan 1, 1495
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent
Known as the greatest ruler of the Ottoman Empire. He increased Ottoman's Empire's power and prosperity. Suleiman was known for being kind to the people of his empire, for example he freed slaves, giving his helpers gifts, and building schools for slaves. In return al he asked for was loyalty. He was very different than his father, who was the ruler before Suleyman, his father was known as being a terrible man. Suleiman was also a fighter and conquerer. -
Jan 1, 1501
Safavid Empire
The Safavid Empire was one important empire in present day Iran that conquest much of Iran, Azerbaijan and Armenia and parts of Iraq, Georgia and Afghanistan. Because it ruled much land teir economy was based on the trade routes. An important aspect for them was art, architecture, poetry, and philosophy. They declined in 1722 when they became too large to rule. -
Jul 10, 1509
John Calvin
John Calvin was born in Picardy, France that was best known for his book which was inspired by Martin Luther's thoughts and beliefs. Although he was inspired by Luther he didn't quiet agree with him nor with the Roman Catholic Church. Calvin most important different belief was the idea that only the "chosen ones" that were specifically chosen by God would be granted Heaven. Calvin also decided to leave a more casual life and more powerful. They elected their own committes and councils. -
Jan 1, 1519
Spanish Conquest of Mexico
Before Mexico got it's name, it was better known as Tenochtitlan which was ruled by Montezuma and later invaded by Hernan Cortes and his conquistadors. Before the conquest Hernan Cortes arrived in present-day Mexico to spread Catholiscism, find slaves and establish trade. When Cortes first arrived the Aztecs thought of him as a descendent of one of their Gods. He was treated with respect and riches but he soon turned on them and killed Montezuma, ending the Aztec empire. -
Jan 1, 1526
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was one of the greatest dynasty's that ruled much of India and Pakistan. The Mughals were Muslims who spread their religion of Islam. The Mughal empire succeeded in uniting the entire empire and ruling it under one administration. The Mughal empire was known as being one that blossomed with art and architecture. The cities were filled with monuments and buildings. The dynasty declined shortly after one of their emporers died, leaving people to fight for his place causing war. -
Jan 1, 1530
Columbian Exchange
The passage made between the Old and New World transfering peoples, animals, plants, and diseases. The domesticatd livestock and major agricultural crops of the Old World were sent to the New World. The downside to the transfer were the disease being sent to the New World with the European Immigrants and African Slaves. As a result from the transfer many areas became culturally diverse and socially experimentational. -
Oct 15, 1542
Akbar the Great
Akbar the great was the only good ruler the Mughal empire had ever had. He united India and created a bureacracy that India very much appreciated. He was very tolerant to every religion but was more compassionate with the Hindus. Akbar also had a great eye for art and had buildings built for that reason--including the Red Fort. Because he came of a family that was filled of warriors he too fought and conquered many place, expanding his empire. -
Dec 13, 1545
Council of Trent
The Council of Trent was known as one of the most important councils in history of the Roman Catholic Church because it distinguished proper Catholic beliefs from Protestant "errors". The Council also reaffirmed the pope's power and called for bishops to be trained so that they can gain back Protestants. -
Feb 15, 1564
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was born in Pisa, Italy on Febuary 15, 1564 to a father who wanted him to become a doctor because there was money in that. Galileo attended the University of Pisa but did poorly in every subject but Math. Soon he became a professor of mathematics and with his skills bulit a telescope. He soon discovered that the moon was not smooth and that Earth revolved around the Sun. The Catholic Church disagreed with him and sentenced him to prison. He continued his study of Astronomy even after. -
Tokugawa Shogunate
The Tokugawa Shogunate was orignally created by Tokugawa Ieyusa whose main goal was to to bring present day Japan under control durint the Warring State Period that brought chaos. After doing so, he created the Tokugawa Shogunate shich united Japan clos like noone else had done. -
Thirty Year's War
The conflict between the Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empires. The worst affect of the conflict was the Thirty Year's War, which caused long-lasting depopulation (decrease in population) and economic decline in the Holy Roman Empire. The only good effect about the war was the improvement in the skill of European armed forces and in their weaponry. -
John Locke
An English Puritan who was also known as a highly influential philosopher, writing about topics like political philosophy, human knowledge and education. He is most famous for his essay, "Second Treatise of Civil Government" which argues against the idea that monarchial claims to absolute authority by divine right but instead monarchs should be derived from the consent of the governed and like everyone else should be subject to the law. -
Qing Empire
The Qing Empire was known as being the greatest and last dynasty in China. It ruled Beijing and Northern China, China's culture was a great influence that fell upon the Qing Dynasty. Since the decline of the Ming dynasty the Qing decided that it'd be best to please their people and they did so--repairing roads,lowering taxes, increasing trade with foreign countries such as Vietnam, Burma, and Napal. After had expanded too much the dynasty declined, the emperors could not handle too many problems -
Peter the Great
Peter was the greatest ruler Russia had ever had. He was best known for trying to unite Russsia and creating a strong navy, schools and a strong administration. He is also famous for dragging Russia out of the Medieval times. Although he did not conquer much, he conquered some land on the Baltic Sea. Along with creating a strong navy he created his own boats to use.34
