-
Palmer Raids
Unexplained bombings leaing to the opening of an office, getting information on radicals. Socialists, anarchists and labor agitators were also arrested. 6,000 people were arrested with criminal evidence from Jan 1919 to November 1920. -
Red Scare
Panic over communism created by the Bolshevik Revolution caused people to dislike communism. This period of super dislike for communists is called the red scare. An event thattook place during this time period was when 8 bombs were detonated in 8 different cities in the US at the same time. -
Volstead Act
This act plugged the holes caused by the 18th amendment and enabled the government to regulate liquor: sales, manufacturing, and transportation. -
Sigmund Freud
Psychiatrist that studied the role of sexual repression in mental illness in the 1920s. The younger generation looked at this as encouraging promiscuity and premarital sex -
Flappers
These were women who in present day terms were viewed as tarts or loose women. They were frowned upon by the generations before them because of their new one piece bathing suits, and crimson lipstick, elevated hemlines, rolled stockings, and cigarettes. The women symbolized a changing of the times as well as a changing of an average women. -
Prohibition
The total banning of alcohol and foods made with alcohol during the 1920’s. This idea was made illegal with the passing of the 19th Amendment and the Volstead Act. -
Reconstruction Financial Corporation
Buying on credit became a very popular thing with the production automobiles. Suggested by Henry Ford people were now able to "have now and pay later". -
The Jazz Age
This was a time period from the 1920's to the start of the Great Depression. This was a time when jazz music and dance became popular. The Jazz Age was largely accredited to African-Americans, and contributed to the Harlem Renaissance, and helped the spread of the radio. -
Washington Naval Conference
The meeting in which the world’s strongest naval powers, except Bolshevik Russia, met to discuss naval disarmament and the problem in the Far East. The Five-Power Naval Treaty, the Four-Power Treaty, and the Nine-Power Treaty were all drafted here. -
Charlie Chaplin
A British actor who became famous for his acting during the era of silent movies. He acted in movies like: The Kid(1921), The Gold Rush(1925), and The Circus(1928). He was a very well known actor for the time period because of the numerous amounts of movies he was in. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
Albert B. Fall had president Harding sign land belonging to the navy over to the Interior department. Then Fall sold the land, that had oil reserves on it, to two men for a bribe from each of them. Fall was caught nearly two years later and was prosecuted. -
Marcus Garvey
Garvey was a Jamacan political leader who spurred up the black community when he created the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). He fought for black civil rights, and even thogh he was deported the movement hes started still continued. -
Emergency Quota Act of 1921
This act was issued to limit the number of immigrants entering the US after WWi, from Europe. Only 3% of each ethnic group that was currently residing in the US would be allowed to enter the US every year. -
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
This tariff raised the US import tax to 38.5% and caused economic panic in Europe. The US business owners lobbied for an increase in the tariff because their products were being undersold by Europeans. This increase caused further economic panic in Europe because European countries were not selling as much and as a result could not pay their debts to the US and had to raise their own tariffs. -
Election of Harding
Harding was a good person and a well liked man but a bad president because he could not tell who in his cabinet was a crook like Fall and Daugherty. However Harding did have good politicians in his cabinet such as: Charles Evans Hughes as Secretary of State, Herbert Hoover was the secretary of commerce, Andrew Mellon,the expert businessman, became the secretary of the treasury, and eventually ex-president William Taft became Chief Justice. -
Four Power Treaty
The US, Great Britain, Japan and France all agreed to respect other’s territory in the Pacific Ocean in 1921. -
Nine Power Treaty
This treaty ensured an open trade market, in China, between the US and the other countries that signed it. This treaty added to the poor standpoint of China, by giving China yet another world power to contend with. -
Five Power Naval Treaty
Five-Power Naval Treaty was a treaty limiting naval power and capacity. The countries that were said to have won World War 1 all agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting the production of naval vessels. The countries that signed this were the UK, the USA, France, Italy, and Japan. -
Adkins vs Children's Hospital
The case that reversed the ruling in Muller vs Oregon; which gave women special protection in the workplace. The opinion was that since wonmen got the right to vote under 18 Amendment they were now equal to men so the women didn't deserve special treatment. -
Duke Ellington
Duke was a very famous composer and pianist, and he can be attributed to the spread/popularity of jazz as well as other styles of music like blues. Ellington composed over 1,000 pieces. Duke was probably one of the most famous musicians of the 1920's. -
Dawes Plan
This plan was enacted to try to fix financial problems in Europe, but it just made things more complicated and even attributed to the economic collapse of 1929. The plan was for the US to lend money to Germany, Germany would then pay reparations to the former Allies, then the Allies would pay off war debts to the US. -
Immigration Act of 1924
This act brought down the quota of foreigners from 3 percent to 2 percent of the population of each ethnicity. This was done in hopes to control the flow of immigrants into the nation. -
Election of Coolidge
Coolidge first became president when Harding died, and then won reelection in 1925. The chant of “Keep Cool and Keep Coolidge” was present as the Republican party nominated Coolidge. Coolidge won the election over John Davis and La Follette, beating Davis, the closest competitor by over 7 million popular votes and over 200 electoral votes. -
The Lost Generation
Emotionally or cultural unstable men and women as a result of war experiences from 1925 through 1930. Examples are Ernest Hemingway,F. Scott Fitzgerald, and John Dos Passos. -
KKK/Birth of a Nation
The KKK had a second coming during the 1920's. They had new found hatred for internationalists, foreigners, as well as the other groups they always despised: blacks, Jews, and Catholics, to name a few. This group having a second major presence in US history indicated the major racsim going on during the twenties. -
The Great Gatsby
This book was about during the roaring twenties, when the US was going through a time of prosperity after WWI. The basic plot is one of a WWI veteran who meets a millionare who throws fancy parties. This book was very well liked and was considered to be Fizgerald's best work, and also allowed the public to see how prosperous the twenties really were. -
Scopes Trial
This case was also known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes. In this trial a Tennessee teacher was prosecuted for teaching evolution in school. This action violated the Butler Act,and Scopes was ruled as guilty but the verdict was overturned on a technicallity. -
Harlem Renaissance
Harlem, New York City was one of the largest black communities of it’s time with some 100,000 African-Americans. The term renaissance refers to rebirth and this area was certainly reborn. Harlem “nourished” poets like Langston Hughes and gave birth to the African-American Rights activist Marcus Garvey, who founded the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). The was also a rebirth of jazz music in areas of the black community such as Harlem. -
Al Capone
Al Capone, “Scarface”, was the leader of a gang that distributed alcohol during the time of prohibition. Capone made millions selling alcohol illegally, and murdered many rival gang members in Chicago. -
Gertrude Ederle
This American cometition swimmer was the first women ever to swim across the English Channel. She was also an American Olympian who came from a family of German immigrants. This women put the US in the record books, and gave the US a place on the world Olympic stage. -
Charles Lindbergh
A stunt flier who made a non-stop flight from long island to paris in a plane. He captivated large audiences with his aerial stunts. Lindbergh was a revolutionary in the field of aviation, he set the president for all air travel to follow, including airmail and comercial airlines. -
Model T
It brought pleasure, convenience, and excitement to people as they could now get around more with a car. And in this year the 15th million Model T rolled off the line, and there were more automobiles in the US than bathtubs. Henry Ford invented this automobile; which allowed people to travel more. The car also took place of the train for main source of transportation, as well as provide thousands upon thousands of jobs. -
Sacco and Vanzetti case
A case involving two italian immigrants.
This important case shows the extreme nationalism of the time and the extreme prejudice of non-americans and socialists. they were wrongly executed and charged for killing two people at an armed robbery at a shoe factory. -
Kellogg Briand Pact
A peace treaty developed by Jane Adams outlawing future wars, receiving almost all nations signatures in 1928. Jane then won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for this treaty. -
Election of Hoover
Hoover was elected in 1928 on the promise of better relations with central america. He easily won the Republican nomination, and his only real competetor was Alfred E. Smith. Hoover won with 58% of the popular vote. -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
A tariff proposed by two republican senators that increased the tariff rate to the highest in national history. This tariff was a tax on over 20,000 foreign made products. The tariff also contrubuted to the Great Depression. -
Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
This doctrine got its namesake from Secretary of State Henry Stimson. This doctrine stated that the US would not recognize any territory that was acquired by force. This was specifically written to apply to Japan who was attacking China, in small hopes the US was trying to deter conflict. -
Bonus Army
This was a gathering/protest, put on by thousands of World War 1 veterans. This “Bonus Army” was protesting the recent decision by congress to delay the payments of veterans by another 10 years. These veterans were already among the hardest hit during the economic troubles, and were now being denied pay.
