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Start
-population of 356 million -
First 5-Year Plan
-provided family planning advice to patients
-the plan’s annual budget of 6.5 million Rupees ( $480,000) was not enough; worse, the government only spent around 1.5 million Rupees per year on the plan
-allocated funds were often not spent. -
Second 5-Year Plan
-sought 2500 additional family planning clinics to supply free contraceptives -
Second 5-Year Plan (Cont.)
-the program formed 473 rural clinics, 202 urban clinics, and a nationwide promotional campaign
-a single clinician hired at existing rural health clinics, already serving 82 percent of the population and 66,000 people each.
-clinicians were often under‐qualified and overwhelmed
-officials saw sterilization as the only solution
-medical practitioners were paid 25 Rupees ($5) per vasectomy on men -
Second 5-Year Plan (Con.t)
-the program was expanded to pay acceptors 30 Rupees ($6.30) and motivators 10‐15 Rupees per acceptor
-these incentives represented significant payments (at the time)
-the national program hired staff and allocated funds to enable 3,000 hospitals and maternity homes to provide free sterilization and compensation for low‐income acceptors
-government employees who accepted sterilization were granted a week of vacation time
1960- saw the prioritization of family planning. -
Third 5-Year Plan
-huge budget increases, larger clinic increase targets, and included the first nation‐wide incentive of 4000 Rupees ($800) to encourage low‐fertility
-this policy had a monumental success in Maharashtra where sterilization camps sought to maximize acceptance through social pressure and succeeded in more than 10,000 vasectomies
-male sterilization was preferred for this campaign because of the relative ease of the procedure, which could be performed in less than half an hour
-contained a concrete -
Period: to
Third 5- Year Plan (Cont.)
-1971‐1972: incentive programs persisted until expenditures exceeded funding, but sterilizations still increased by 70%
-1972 ‐1973: 3.1 million sterilizations occurred and the budget was again surpassed, the budget for the following year was cut, and the concentration shifted to health care
-1974‐1975: 1.4 million
-1975: incentives for sterilization were raised
-1976: the government drafted the National Population Policy Act with the intent of reducing the birthrate from 41 to 20‐25, also brou -
Eleventh 5-Year Plan
-describes women as “agents of economic and social growth”
-goals: economic empowerment, provision of basic necessities, protection from violence, political participation and infrastructure to promote effective policy/involvement
- lists goals for reducing death, disease and overwork among children
-targets for 2012: raise sex ratio for ages 0‐6 to 935, 33% of government aid directly or indirectly given to female citizens, reduce infant mortality to 28, reduce malnutrition for ages 0‐3, reduce p