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1800 BCE
Origin of the Jews
Abraham was directed by God to go to the Promised Land, where he established Judaism as a monotheistic religion. It was one of the only monothiestic religions aroun at the time and this anger other religions. So right away, there is conflict between the Jews and other cultures. -
500 BCE
Enslaved by Pharaoh (a)
At around this time period, the Jews had a famine in Canaan. So they traveled to Egypt where they were immediately enslaved because they were different and Pharaoh didn't like this. This is one of earliest times they were discriminated. The Jews would be enslaved by Pharaoh until Moses came to free them hundreds of years later. -
Period: 500 BCE to
The Span of Anti-semitism in the World
Anti-semitism probably continued past that and might be present today, but beyond July of 1946, not many significant antisemitic related events happened. -
33
Rise of Christianity (a)
In 33 AD, after the death of Jesus, many Jews and Gentiles converted to Christianity. The religion would soon become very popular and spread. The early Christians did not like the Jews and were Anti-Semitic, just not as extreme as people would become thousands of years down the road. -
1095
The First Crusade (a)
Christians, Jews, and Muslims all wanted the same land because they felt it was sacred to their religions. So in 1095, Pope Urban II ordered the first crusade. It was a quest for the Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from the Muslims. In the process, many Jews were killed and their homes were destroyed. Also at this time, Jews were beginning to get blamed for problems and when the Black Death would break out 300 years later, they would be blamed for this as well. -
Period: to
World War 1
During world war 1, Jews fought for whatever country they were a citizen of. However, their loyalty was still questioned simply because nobody likes them. In Germany, Jews were forced to sign declarations of loyalty. After the war was over, Germany began to say it was the Jews fault for there horrible defeat in World War 1. This made anti-semitism grow to an all new level, especially in Germany. -
Correlation
The formation of the Nazi Party was a direct response to the treaty of Versailles. Many Germans were angry with the treaty and thought that it was unfair, so they were going to make a change. -
The Treaty of Versailles is signed
This treaty was very unfair to Germany. They had to take the blame for every casualty. They also lost Rhineland which produced lots of coal and is what made their economy successful. Without this, the economy crashed and on top of that, they had to pay a huge amount of money to other countries. Germany also lost all the land they had gained during the war. The military of Germany was also decreased to 100,000 men. This made the citizens very angry, especially the nationalists along with Hitler. -
Nazi Party is Formed
Adolf Hitler, who was an extreme nationalist, would join the party shortly after it was formed and in 1921, he would become the leader of the Nazi Party. The party did not like the Treaty of Versailles and wanted to make Germany a powerful country again. -
Beer Hall Putsch (h)
Hitler and some other member of the Nazi party who were called Brownshirts burst into the Bürgerbräukeller and fired pistol shots to the ceiling, declaring that the revolution had begun. This plan failed and Hitler would be charged with treason -
Hitler is sentenced to prison (h)
Hitler would serve jail time for five years. during the time of his trial, he gained a huge following and the Nazi ideology was starting to spread, making Jews discriminated slightly. It would only get worse for them. Hitler only ended up serving 9 months and during this time he wrote the book Mein Kampf. -
Hitler is Appointed Chancellor (h)
At this point, Hitler did not have full power, but he would soon rise to dictator and control all of Germany. -
Hitler becomes Führer of Germany (h)
After President Hindenburg died, there was no new election. Instead, Hitler became the new president and declared Germany a dictatorship, where he was Führer and had full control of the army as well. -
The Munich Agreement (w)
This was an agreement between Germany, France, and Britain that let Germany annex a small portion of Czechoslovakia. Hitler ended up occupying all of the country despite the agreement -
Night of Broken Glass (a)
Kristallnacht, or night of broken glass, was a night when German citizens destroyed businesses owned by Jews and synagogues. They killed a number of Jews as well. The windows on buildings were destroyed with sledgehammers. -
Hitler invades Poland (w)
Hitler's war machine absolutely crushed Poland and they fell to Germany very quickly. Germany used a strategy called blitzkrieg -
Period: to
Word War 2
The war unofficially started when Hitler invaded Poland, but France and Britain would declare war 2 days later, making it official. -
War is officially declared on Germany (w)
Britain and France officially declares war on Nazi Germany. World War 2 begins -
Auschwitz is opened (a)
This is the most deadly concentration camp, and 1.1 million people would be killed here. -
Invasion of Norway and Denmark (w)
On this day, Hitler began to try to take control of these two countries -
Italy enters the war as Axis Power (w)
They were controlled by Mussolini at the time. -
Operation Barbarossa (w)
Hitler sent 3 million soldiers and 3,500 tanks into Russia. The Russians were taken by surprise because they had signed a treaty with Germany in 1939. -
Japan Bombs Pearl Harbor (w)
Japan wanted to destroy America's navy as quickly as possible because they were so strong. This would make it easier for Japan to conquer the Dutch East Indies. -
America Joins the War (w)
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Sobibor (a)
This was one of the three camps that was apart of Operation Reinhard. Unlike most death camps, People were gassed within 24 hours and a select few were forced to help run the camp. It is estimated that Operation Reinhard was responsible for 2 million deaths among the Jews -
Start of the battle of Stalingrad (w)
This is one of the bloodiest in the history of mankind, and it would last until February 2nd, 1943. -
D-Day (w)
The allies launched an attack on Germany’s forces in Normandy, Western France. Thousands of transports carried an invasion army under the supreme command of general Eisenhower to the Normandy beaches. -
Hitler commits suicide (h)
Adolf Hitler hides in his bunker and shoots himself. His wife is there with him and swallows a cyanide pill. -
German forces surrender (w)
On this day, German Forces surrendered to the allies. -
V.E. Day (w)
Victory in Europe is celebrated -
Anti-Semitism continues (a)
About 11 months after World War 2 ended, a boy went missing and when he returned, the boy’s father blamed the jews for his boy disappearing. Shortly after that more people started false rumors that Jews were kidnapping and killing Christian boys. So 1000 protesters surrounded a building owned by the Jewish community in Kielce, Poland and attacked every Jew inside. 42 Jews were killed that day and police officers did nothing to stop it from happening. This was called the Kielce Pogrom.
