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Antecedence to the Civil War
Events that took place before the war. -
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John Brown
John Brown was an American abolitionist. Brown advocated the use of armed insurrection to overthrow the institution of slavery in the United States. He led the Raid of Harper's Ferry. He killed many slave owners and used violence to destroy slavery. -
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Angelina Grimké Weld
Angelina Emily Grimké Weld was an American abolitionist, political activist, women's rights advocate, and supporter of the women's suffrage movement. She was raised on a slave owning plantation in South Carolina where many slaves worked. She was the youngest child out of her 14 siblings. Angelina and her sister were the first women to speak out publicly against slavery. They challenged gender norms and as well. -
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William Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrison was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, suffragist, and social reformer. He helped make the anti-slavery society in New England. He also believed that the U.S. constitution was pro-slavery and voiced his opinion on it. During the last days of his life, he was able to see the abolition of slavery. -
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Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was elected 16th president in November 1860, before the outbreak of the Civil War. Lincoln focused on his all embracing law practice in the early 1850s after one term in Congress from 1847 to 1849. He was a republican. He argued over sectionalism in 1856. He debated in 1858 with Stephen Douglas over slavery and its place in the U.S. Lincoln’s anti-slavery platform made him extremely unpopular with Southerners and his nomination for President in 1860 enraged them. -
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Harriet Beecher-Stowe
Harriet Beecher Stowe was an abolitionist. She was born into a very religious family and was the author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin", which explained the harsh conditions that African American slaves went through. This book reached millions and was very influential in the U.S. and Great Britain. It energized anti-slavery movements. -
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Stephen Douglas
Stephen Douglas was an American politician and lawyer. He was a running candidate during the 1860 presidential election but lost to Lincoln. He was apart of the Democratic party. He was anti-slavery and in 1846 he was elected into the U.S. senate where he became deeply involved in creating a solution for slavery. -
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Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglas was an American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. He escaped slavery in Maryland and became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York. He gained publicity because of his oratory and antislavery writings. He became the first black citizen to hold high rank in the U.S. government and was one of the most respected and known human rights activists of the 19th century. -
Missouri Compromise
In an effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states, the Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 making Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. States above the 36-30 line were free and states below that line were slave states. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was a temporary solution to sectionalism in the U.S. In an attempt to seek a compromise, Senator Henry Clay introduced these solution on January 29th 1850. As part of the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was amended and the slave trade in Washington, D.C., was abolished. The south gained by the strengthening of the fugitive slave law and the north gained California, which was a free state. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. This was proposed by Stephen Douglas. Because of the differing views on slavery, conflicts arose between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers. This led to a period of violence known as Bleeding Kansas, and helped pave the way for the American Civil War. -
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Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was born into slavery around 1799 in Southampton County, Virginia. His owner died and he was sent to another owner that sent him to Illinois, which was a free sate. His case was the Supreme Court's ruling on March 6, 1857. Even though Dred lived in a free state and territory he was not allowed to be free. This decision argued that as a slave Dred Scott was not a citizen and could not sue in a federal court. -
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Raid on Harper's Ferry
The raid on Harper's Ferry was an 1859 effort by abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in Southern states by taking over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. It has been called the dress rehearsal for the Civil War. 22 people accompanied John but were defeated by the marines.