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1778 BCE
Battle of Djahy
The Battle of Djahy was a land battle that took place under the reign of Ramesses III and the sea peoples. As is tradition this battle was lead by Ramesses himself and took place in the Egyptian empire's eastern frontier - modern day southern Lebanon. The sea peoples were attempting to invade Egypt but were defeated - with many sea peoples being killed or kept as slaves. -
1570 BCE
Karnak Temple
Initally built around 2500 BC, this temple was renovated and added on to by Pharaohs throughout its existance. It was built to be a place of the gods, where people would come to for a pilgrimage for over 2000 years. An annual celebration would be held at the temple, to help give energy to the gods so the crops would flourish. The temple was massive, covering an area of 200 acres - making it the largest religious building ever constructed. -
Period: 1570 BCE to 1544 BCE
Ahmose I reign
Ahmose's reign laid the foundation for the wealth and growth of the New Kingdom. He removed and conquered the Hykos, restored Theban rule over all of Egypt. He opened new quarries, mines and trade routes as well as beginning construction projects on a scale that had not been heard of since the Middle Kingdom. The construction resulted in the last pyramid being built by native Egyptian rulers. -
Period: 1570 BCE to 1070 BCE
New Kingdom
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Period: 1514 BCE to 1493 BCE
Amenhotep I Reign
Amenhotep's reign is not particularly well-documented and much is uncertain, but it is thought that he became ruler at a very young age, and continued many of the practises of his father. He had a fairly peaceful reign and his best known building project is his contribution to the Temple of Karnak where he used alabaster and sandstone. He also erected a chapel to commemorate his father. -
1504 BCE
Mortuary Temples
Mortuary temples were built to commemorate the reign of a Pharaoh and as a place for the King's cult to use after the King's death. In the New Kingdom, mortuary temples were built seperately from the tombs of the Pharaohs.
The first mortuary temple was built for Amenhotep I, and it was not until later in the New Kingdom that the temples were often unfinished or not built at all. -
Period: 1493 BCE to 1482 BCE
Thutmose I Reign
Thutmose expanded the Egyptian empire into Nubia (Present-day Sudan) and Syria. He sent an expedition deep into Nubia and set up new boundaries and exploited the rich gold deposits that were found. He renovated the Temple of Anon in Thebes, he added an enclosure wall and two obelisks and created the axial temple. The axial temple then became a staple of New Kingdom architecture. Thutmose was the first king to cut his tomb in the Valley of the Kings, most probably for security. -
Period: 1482 BCE to 1479 BCE
Thutmose II Reign
Thutmose II was most well known for his suppression of revolution in Nubia, and for sending an expedition to punish some citizens in south Palestine.
He built a festival court in front of the Temple and also built many royal monuments around the court, which were later destroyed during the renovations of Amenhotep III.
There is some debate over the length of his reign, with some saying it was 3 to 4 years and others up to 19 years long. -
1479 BCE
Battle of Megiddo
There was a revolt in modern-day Syria lead by the King of Kadesh and the King of Mediggo. Thutmose III took personal command and gathered an army of between 10 000 and 20 000 men. They arrived via a gap in the defending army’s defences, surprising the rebels. They then attacked under the cover of night, they won but spent so much time capturing enemies that some rebels found their way back into Megiddo. A siege ensued. After 7 monthss the city surrendered with only the King of Kadesh escaping. -
Period: 1479 BCE to 1426 BCE
Thutmose III Reign
Thutmose III is considered to be the greatest ruler of Ancient Egypt. He brought the Egyptian empire to its highest point of power by conquering all of Syria, down the Nile to Sudan and crossing the Euphrates to defeat the Mitiannians. -
Period: 1473 BCE to 1458 BCE
Queen Hatshepsut Reign
Hatshepsut married her half brother Thutmose II at the age of 12, and after her husband died took control as regent in 1473 as her son was not yet of age. She then surprisingly took full power co-ruling with her brother Thutmose III. She had to make an effort to make her power-grab seem legitimate
She oversaw some significant building projects, such as the Temple of Deir el-Bahri where she was buried. She was depicted in statues as a male and only few ever knew she was female. -
1450 BCE
Trade Expeditions to Punt
Under Queen Hatshepsut's reign there were several trading expeditions sent out to Punt to buy myrrh, myrrh saplings, frankincense and other fragrant ungents to be used in cosmetics and in religious ceremonies back in Egypt. They also collected economically insignificant animals and plants to be used as live models for Hatshepsut's temple walls near the Valley of the Kings. -
Period: 1428 BCE to 1400 BCE
Amenhotep II Reign
Amenhotep II was the son of Thutmose III and ruled during the peak of Egypt's imperial era. He worked to keep his father's victories with military conquests and shows of physical strength, but did not fight as much as his father. -
1400 BCE
Luxor Temple
Initally built around 1400 BC, the Luxor Temple was located in the ancient city of Thebes in the south of Egypt. This temple was dedicated to the rejuvination of kingship, as opposed to other temples dedicated to different gods. The temple was added to by Amenhotep III, Tutankhamen and Ramesses II and used as a legion fort by the Romans. -
Period: 1400 BCE to 1390 BCE
Thutmose IV Reign
Thutmose IV created a period of peace during the heigh of Egypt's power by making an alliance with the Mittanni empire in northern Syria. He did this by securing a marriage between the two powers, and the relations became friendly between them. -
Period: 1386 BCE to 1353 BCE
Amenhotep III Reign
Amenhotep III is best known for keeping and maintaining peace in Egypt and between neighbouring countries, in turn maintaining Egyptian prosperity. He was extrememely generous to other nations, and gained many allies by giving lavish gifts of gold to help sway their actions to suit him.
He built many of the most impressive structures in his reign, and strengthened Egyptian borders via campaigns while also expanding them. -
Period: 1351 BCE to 1334 BCE
Akhenaten Reign
Akhenaten was known as the Heretic King as he defied tradition and created his own new religion worshipping the Aten, the sun. After realising his new religion and the old one could not co-exist, he decided to tear down all the statues and places of worship for the traditional religion of Egypt. It is thought that he may have created a new religion to increase his power, because priests were no longer the connection to god and had a less important role in society. -
Period: 1335 BCE to 1333 BCE
Smenkhkare Reign
Smenkhkare ruled initially alongside Akhenaten, appearing in a few monuments at the end of Akhenten's reign. Since when coronated Smenkhkare shared the same coronation name as another, which was highly unusual, it is thought that "he" was actually Nefertiti herself being given the kingly status to rule alongside her husband at the end of his reign.
There is still debate going on over nearly every aspect of his rule, as it is not known if Akhenaten's regent and successor are the same person. -
Period: 1333 BCE to 1323 BCE
Tutankhamun Regin
During Tutankhamun's reign traditional art and religion were reinstated with the help of some powerful advisors, of whom he relied on heavily. He was appauled by his father's actions in attempting to destroy traditional religion, saying that his actions meant the gods were ignoring Egypt.
He is most well known because of his tomb being found in the Valley of the Kings being intact. -
Period: 1319 BCE to 1292 BCE
Horemheb Reign
Horemheb served as a commander of the army under Tutankhamun, and came to the throne after Ay. He continued the work of dismantling the temples of the Aton to suppress the religion, as he thought it to be wrong. He also wrote his name over that of Tutakmamun and Ay on statues, meaning that their names - as well as Akhenaten were no longer on offical records and their combined reigns became that of Horemheb. He had a large tomb built before he ruled, but was buried in the Valley of the Kings. -
1175 BCE
Battle of the Delta
The Battle of the Delta was between the sea peoples and the Egyptians, and took place unsurprisingly at sea. This took place during the reign of Ramesses. Ramesses planned for thousands of archers to be lining the shores of the Nile Delta, to shoot arrows at the attacking boats so the sea peoples had to enter the Nile River and be forced ashore where the Egyptian's had the upper hand. The sea peoples boats were overturned and the men killed and captured by the Egyptians.
