-
100
c. 30 Cleopatra dies
Egypt is annexed from the Roman Empire marking the end of independent Egypt -
305
Ptolemy founds a greek-speeking dynasty
Ptolemy ascended into power after Alexander the Great died in 323 BC -
332
Egypt is conguered by Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great conguered Egypt during his ongoing campaign against the Persians -
525
Egypt is conquered by Persians
The Battle of Pelusium was a significant battle which transferred the throne from the Pharaohs to Cambyses II of Persia -
Aug 25, 656
egypt is occupied by Assyrians
The Assyrians as a whole exerted their control through local rulers which swapped the overlordship from Kush to the king of Assyria. -
Aug 25, 1069
Post Empire Egypt
Begins after the fall of the New Kingdom. It contains the 3rd Intermediate, the Late Period, and the Ptolemaic (Hellenistic) period -
Aug 26, 1300
King Ramses
He was a founding Pharaoh of the 20th dynasty. He was born into a rich noble military family, but much later was seen as able to rule. Him being too old, he passed the crown on to his son. -
Aug 25, 1550
New Kingdom
This is considered Egypts most prosperous period and also most powerful period. During this time Egypt expanded its power far south into Nubia. This time period is known for its art and architecture as well, which is how historians know it was so prosperous. -
2nd Intermediate
This period begins after the fall of the middle kingdom. During this time, Egypt fell into a little nit of chaos. It is also the time Hyksos made their appearance in Egypt. -
Egypt conguered by Nubian Kings
They were in control of Egypt during the 25th dynasty. They were the last dynasty of the 3rd Intermediate period -
Egyptians expel the Assyrians and begin a period of revival
The Assyrians left themselves exhausted after defending the area they controlled as well as campaigning over three counries leaving them very vulnerable -
Middle Kingdom
This is also known as the Unification of Egypt Period. Two rival dynasties fought over all of Egypt. It ended with Mentuhotep II reuniting Egypt. After that the military shifted from agressive to very defensive. -
Mentuhotep II
Mentuhotep II became the pharaoh of Egypt. He is credited as the founder of the Middle Kingdom with his strong military philosophy. -
1st Intermediate
This was considered the "dark age". Many temples were pillaged and artwork was destroyed, especially those of kings and rulers, which many think is a sign of political strife. When the Thebian kings took over the North there was a big political struggle until the Thesbians took over both the upper and lower Egyptians, unifying them -
Nomarchs
Groups of nomarchs became very influencial and independent from the kings furthering that split in power. This created more strife between groups of people. -
Old Kingdom
This was a evolutionary change in architecture accompanied and the effects that large-scale building projects had on Egyptian society and economy. -
Language
During this time, the Egyptians also created a more advanced system of writing. Their language began with a few symbols for amounts, eventually developed into more than 200 phonograms and ideograms. From that it turned into the extremely complex hieroglyphics many of us know today. -
Technology
The use of copper became relevant during this era, with coppersmiths making saws, chisels, knives, hoes, adzes, dishes and trays, all out of copper or bronze, for artisans of the many trades. Many of these artifacts were found in tombs. -
Early Dynastic
This begins with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. Menes (Narmer) was the first pharaoh to come into power in the Early Dynastic period. He was the first king to be associated with power symbols from both upper and lower Egypt and is supposed to have had a lot to do with the unification of Egypt by defeating his enemies on the Delta. -
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The Gift of the Nile
The coming of farming of the Nile Valley. Silt from the run off of the river created extremely fertile soil. Unlike in Mesopotamia, the Egyptians knew the river flooded annually and used that to their advantage instead of it destroying them. It was the basis of the Egyptian society. They created a 3 season calendar off of the seasons of flooding, growing wheat, seasons of flooding, growing wheat, flax, and papyrus in the 3 different seasons. The Egyptians also used the river for transportation.
