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Bacons Rebellion
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Declaration of Independence
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Period: to
American Revolutionary War
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Articles of Confederation
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Constitution Conventions
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Louisiana Purchase
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New Orleans slave trade
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Battle of New Orleans
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Tallmadge Amendment
Prohibited the importation of more slaves into Missouri
Required that children born to slaves after Missouri's admission would be freed at age 25 Did not pass but set out a plan for the gradual emancipation in Missouri -
Adam-Onis Treaty
Spain gives up east and west Florida to the U.S -
Missouri Compromise
- Missouri to be admitted as a slave state
- Maine to be admitted as a free state
- Any state admitted above the 36'30 line with Missouri as an exception would be a free state while states below would be slave states
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Texas declared itself an independent Republic
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Prigg vs Pennsylvania
Showed that the U.S. Constitution overruled State Laws (Supremacy clause) -
Florida becomes a state
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Texas becomes a state
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Wilmot Proviso
- To ban slavery in new territories from the Republic of Mexico
- Rejected twice
- Forced politicians to take pro or anti-slavery sides
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Period: to
Mexican-American War
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- Mexican cession
- Gave up land area over 1 million sq km
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Compromise of 1850
6 Key Provisions:
1. Admission of California as a Free State
2. The creation of the territories of Utah - popular sovereignty to decide on slavery
3. Territory of New Mexico - popular sovereignty
4. Texas agreed to a 36'30 parallel in exchange for debts being paid
5. Slave trade banned in Washington
6. Fugitive Slave Law strengthened -
Nebraska Bill
Stephen Douglas transcontinental railroad -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Repealed the Missouri Compromise
- Brought in two additional territories (Kansas & Nebraska)
- Had popular sovereignty in the new territories
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Period: to
Bleeding Kansas
- needed to decide whether Kansas was a free or slave state
- Popular sovereignty due to Kansas-Nebraska Bill
- People from both sides came to Kansas to sway the vote
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Caning of Senator Sumner
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Dredd Scott vs. Sanford
4 Key Takeaways
1. Black people in the US cannot be citizens
2. Black people had no right to bring a case to court
3. Slaveowners could take their property anywhere garnered by US Federal Law
4. Congress has no authority to restrict rights such as rights to property by the Constitution -
Lincoln - Douglas Debates
- For the United States Senate seat in Illinois
- 7 debates
- Racial equality (Douglas only "white men")
- Abolitionism (Douglas accuses Lincoln)
- Terrestrial expansion
- Popular sovereignty
- "nationalise" slavery (Lincoln accuses Douglas of this ) -
John Brown and Harpers Ferry Raid
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Election of 1860
Democratic candidates - Stephen Douglas, John Breckinridge Constitutional Union - John Bell Republican candidates - Abraham Lincoln, Seward, Hannibal Hamilton -
Period: to
Critteden Compromise
- Proposed 6 amendments to the Constitution to protect slavery for southern states
- Backed by Breckinridge
- Republicans in Congress did not want a compromise so it failed
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South Carolina leaves the Union
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Corwin Amendment and the Peace Conference
- Proposed to ensure that institutions established in individual states (slavery) were protected from abolition by Congress
- Congress passed the amendment but it wasn't ratified by individual states - never became law
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Request for 75 000 militamen from state governmnets -
suspension of habeas corpus
blockade proclamations -
Morril Tarrif
- Made foreign goods more expensive
- Allowed American manufacturers to raise their prices
- Forced American consumers to pay income tax
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Missouri leaves the Union
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Florida leaves the Union
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Alabama leaves the Union
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Georgia leaves the Union
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Louisiana leaves the Union
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Texas leaves the Union
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Lincolns Inauguration Speech
- Follow fugitive slave law
- No plans to ban slavery
- No use of military force
- Minority can not make decisions on behalf of the majority -Will not accept secession
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Alien Enemies Act and Sequestration Act
- All southerners to declare themselves to be Confederate citizens or leave or face arrest
- Allowed the seizure of the property of absentee Unionists, or property which might be. handed to absentee Unionist, such as via the deceased
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Fort Sumter
- Union ignored the ultimation from the Confederates
- provoke them
- Confederates fired, start of the war
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Britain declares neutrality
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Merrymen arrested
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Call for 42 000 federal volunteers
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Homestead Act (Union)
Have 160 acres of western land, unaccepted and publically owned, to anyone who would cultivate it for 5 years. Anyone willing to pay $9.25 an acre would buy a homestead -
United states military railroad formed
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North passed the Revenue Act
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Many subject to Martial Law (CSA)
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Battle of Shiloh
Union victory. The South's defeat at Shiloh ended the Confederacy's hopes of blocking the Union advance into Mississippi and doomed the Confederate military initiative in the West. With the loss of their commander, Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, in battle, Confederate morale plummeted. -
Conscription Act of 1862 (CSA)
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Pacific Railroad Act
- Designated the 32nd parallel as the initial transcontinental route
- Provided government bonds to fund the project and large grants of land for rights-of-way
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Morill Act of 1862
Taking land from Native Americans to give to states -
Lincoln declares all protestors to be subjected to martial law
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Battle of Antietam
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Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect
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Enrolment Act of 1863
requiring all male citizens and applicants for citizenship between 20 and 35 and unmarried men 35 to 45 to register for a military draft. -
Impressment Act (CSA)
Gave Confederate armies the power to seize what they needed in terms of supplies -
Tax-in-hand Act
Enabled state officials to collect 10% of certain crops, such as corn and wheat to help the war effort -
Richmond bread riots
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Vallandigham arrested by order of General Burnside for being disloyal
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Burnside sen ttroops to shut down pro-peace Chicago Times
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Battle of Gettysburg
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Lincolns renominated as the National Union party nominee
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Scorched Earth policy begins
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Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 repealed
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Election of 1864
- Lincoln vs Mclannen
- Lincoln won: 212 - 21 electoral vote and 55% of the popular vote
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Establishment of the Freedmens Bureau
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13th Amendment passed by Congress
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Assassination of the GOAT (rip homie)
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13th Ammendment ratified by States
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KKK established
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Civil Rights Act of 1866
All persons born in the United States, regardless of colour and race should be citizens of the United States as is enjoyed by white citizens -
14th Amendment passed by Congress
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Reconstruction Act of 1867
- Outlined conditions for re-entry of former confederate states
- Required writing new constitution with voting rights for African Americans
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Period: to
Radical Reconstruction (40th Congress)
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Military Reconstruction Act
- Divided the South into 5 military districts
- Each district has a military governor in which Radical Reconstruction would be carried out
- Meant real pressure for full civil rights
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Command of the Army Act
- To limit Johnsons' power as commander-in-chief by allowing him to issue military orders only through leading Generals
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Tenure of Office Act
Cabinet members can be removed by the Senate -
14th Amendment ratified by states
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15th Amendment passed by congress
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15th Amendment ratified by states
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Force Act of 1871
Made it a federal crime to deprive citizens of civil rights -
Election of 1872
- Showed that the Republicans were split as Grant ran against another Republican
- Dems were too disorganised
- Grant swept
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Coltax massacre
- Dozens in LA killed by whites
- no one held responsible
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Tennesse Massacre
- 16 massacred by armoured whites
- No one held responsible
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Election of 1876
- Democrat (Tiden) won the popular vote over Rutherford
- But electoral ballots were disputed in FL, LA, Oregon and SC
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Mid-term election of 1874
- Bourbon Democrats (more conservative, pro-business) gained control of the House
- Able to challenge the Republicans on the National level
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Civil Rights Act of 1875
- Guaranteed African Americans equal treatment
- Not enforced by Grant (didn't think he had the power to)
- Struck down as unconstitutional in 1883 by the Supreme Court
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Compromise of 1877
- Deadlock for the 1876 election, a special electoral commission was formed for resolution.
- Informal agreement between Sourther Dems and allies of Republican Rutherford to give the votes to Rutherford in exchange for removing federal troops from the South
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End of Reconstruction
Withdrawal of troops from the South