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Johann Gutenberg perfected movable type. This helped with the englightenment in Europe which eventually led to further exploration of the new world.
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Columbus set off on his first voyage to America. This began the period of American colonization.
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The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the new world by a line in which Spain gained one half of the land and Portugual gained the other. It was meant to discourage England from exploring. To this day, several countries in South America speak portugese or spanish because of this treaty.
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He completed the first known transatlantic voyage which led to the start of the English exploration of the new world.
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In order to control explorers, Spain made the Encomienda System which gave the leaders of settlements in the new world indian villages so they could use the indians for labor. This allowed Spain to have more control of the new world.
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After over 700 years, the Spanish monarch forced all muslims in Spain to either leave or convert to christianity. This empowered Spain and gave them the oppurtunity to start exploring new lands to conquerer in the new world.
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The slave trade began after explorers began to run out of the natives for labor causing them to kidnap Africans and bring them to Europe and the new world which greatly impacted the settlement of the americas.
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Sebastian Cabbot explored the Hudson Bay area and his exploration led England to explore the Americas.
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Martin Luther began the reformation of the catholic church in England. The new protestant England and English nationalism caused England to become a central role in Europe and later in the new world.
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Roanoke was a colony that was settled after England gained interest in the new world. The Spanish intercepted supplies and the colony died in just a few years, it's still a mystery what happened to some of the colonists. This colony was the starting point of English exploration.
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The Spanish Armada intercepted communication and supplies to the English Roanoke colony causing it to perish.
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Richard Haklyut kept pushing to keep the colonies in the new world alive. He helped convince England that there were valuable raw materials in the new world which led to the farming of tobacco which improved everyone's view of the new world.
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Jamestown was an English settlement founded to bring income to England founded by John Smith. Edwin Sandys tried to make colonzing more attractive with the House of Burgesses along with an elective assembly. His methods of disturbuting land were important to settlement in Virginia and other colonies.
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Quebec was founded in 1608 by Samuel de Champlain. Quebec was the main port for French Canada and all imports and exports went through it. The french were hoping to get great economic gain from Canada but they had flaws in their government system.
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Plymouth was a refuge for English separatists, the colony was founded by William Bradford. The pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact to keep the order in their new colony.
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Massachusetts was a refuge for English puritans. People in the colony like Roger Williams taught extreme separatism.
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Maryland was a refuge for English catholics who were persecuted in England.
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Connecticut was founded off of an expansion of Massachusetts. They passed the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut to maintain civil goverment.
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Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams and the colony was a refuge for accused criminals and people who were persecuted for their ideals or religon. People like Anne Hutchinson later moved to the colony for refuge.
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The Carolinas were founded as commercial ventures, they were home to large plantations which were highly profitable for England.
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New York was founded based on commercial venture from England.
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Due to attacks from indians, Bacon led the construction of forts and a volunteer to defend the Virginia. The governor refused to grant Bacon military rights and Bacon rebelled against the governor and killed innocent indians or were his army lost after this the governor sent out a campaign to stop Bacon. Bacons real goal was to stop Berkley's corrupt way of government which he didnt succeed in.
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Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn and he lead colonists there as a refuge for quakers.
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This established that Englishmen have certain civil and political rights but there were limitations for non-protestants. It was a result of the Glorious Revolution.
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New Hampshire was founded for commercial gain.
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Parliament declared sumpremacy which felt like a threat to colonists rights.
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This was a spiritual renewal in the colonies and it adopted more emotion into religion.
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Jonathan Edwards sparked the Great Awakening in Massachusetts and he accepted the traditional teachings of Calvinism. He created peoples need for dependence on God. George Whitefield was an English preacher in the colonies that was an exceptional public speaker and he promoted his own ideas about consumer society.
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Georgia was founded to serve as a buffer between English and Spanish colonies and also to intimidate the Spanish.
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Battle between France and England over who would control the new world. France lost which later gave an advantage to the colonists during the revolution.
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English put duties on goods like sugar and coffee causing the colonists to protest it as a violation of rights.
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Parliament required a stamp to be put on all legal documents and each stamp has to be paid for by colonists which created a mass political movement.
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Colonists were forced to house British soliders which, to the colonists, was taxation without representation. This fueled their dislike for Parliament.
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This was formed to protest the Stamp Act and gave the colonists a sense of intercolonial pride.
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Parliament declared sovereignity over all colonies which caused even more dislike by the colonists.
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Colonists were charged duties on glass, paper, and other common products they bought from England. Colonists saw this as more taxation without representation.
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Redcoats fired upon colonists in Boston which outraged the colonists.
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British forces counter attacked the american troops resulting in a disappointing set back in the war for Americans.
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England tried to help the East India Trading Company by allowing them to sell tea directly to colonists but colonists thought the taxing was too high causing them to revolt.
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Colonists refused to accept the taxes on tea and threw shipments of tea into the Boston Habor.
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The port of Boston was closed and British troops were brought in to colonies causing colonists to panic and want to get away from British rule.
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This was a meeting of colonial leaders to figure out how they could stand against England.
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Common Sense was written by Thomas Paine pre-revolution about his suspicions about the English Parliament. His writting gave colonists confidence they could win the war.
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Britsh forces were rebeled against in the small farming towns and this began the first battles of the revolution.
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Shots fired at Lexington and Concord started the revolutionary war and it signified life was about to change in America
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After the Revolution had started, colonial leaders needed a way to govern the colonies during the war and they created this congress to give central leadership.
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This was Englands final attempt to assert the rights of colonists while maintaining their loyalty to the crown and colonists denied this last offer.
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England intended to coerce colonists into submission and there was also an embargo on Amercian goods which the colonists rebeled to.
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American troops crossed the Delaware river and killed a large portion of the British army which gave americans confidence in the war.
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Americans kept the British out of the south by defeating them in this battle and this battle helped convince the French to bring aid to the Americans.
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A group of backwoods colonists brutally defeat a Bitish force, which helped weaken the British Army.
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American and French forces defeated Cornwallis's Army and this was the final battle of the revolution, where the British surrendered.
