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Lands and Hispaniola
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- claimed new colonies for Spain
- conquered the Aztec Empire
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- claimed new colonies in Spain
- conquered the Inca Empire in Peru
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- First to discover and cross the Mississippi River
- Assisted Pizzaro with the conquest of the Inca
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conquered the Native Americans and established New Spain
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- "The lost colony"
- Founded on Roanoke island off the coast of NC
- 1585-1587
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- 1st successful English settlement
- founded by the Virginia company
- primarily settled to make money
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- New France
- Quebec, Montreal
- Detroit (Michigan), New Orleans (Louisiana)
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- New Amsterdam
- offered new land tracts called patroonships
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Held private prayer meetings
Banished from colony and moved to Rhode Island
Native American Resistance -
Believed in religious freedom
Banished from Massachusetts
left and established providence in Rhode Island the land he bought from the native -
- Considered a "separatists"
- left and established Providence
-
- Held private prayer
- Banished from colony and moved to Rhode Island
- Brought up on Hershey chargers in 1637
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In 1637 Pequot were virtually wiped out by the English
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Required the colonies to sell certain goods to only England or pay a tax to sell it to other countries
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Involved the Wampanoag
Attacked white settlement
Indians were defeated and marked -
in 1754 the French built Fort Duquesne at the point where the Ohio River forms
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After French and Indian war king George issues Parclamation to organize new territory, cut off any expansion to the west
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Great Britain acknowledged the US as a free nation
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Previous tax on sugar, colonists smuggled to avoid paying taxes, George Grenville of parliament reduced the tax but increased enforcement hoping to be able to collect it.
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Colonists required colonists to provide living quarters (housing and supplies) to British soldiers in the colonies
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A clash between British troops and townspeople in Boston in 1770.
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On April 18, 1775, British General Thomas Gage sent 700 soldiers to destroy guns and ammunition the colonists had stored in the town of Concord, just outside of Boston.
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Listed all of the colonists grievances against the Crown; explained why they were declaring independence
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Congress sold tracts of land to raise money
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Created guidelines for admission as states in the US
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Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but decided to create a new constitution
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- Washington wanted to set up a federal court system headed by a Supreme Court
- No details for a court system in the Constitution
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First textile mills in America were opened by Samuel Slater in Pawtucket, Rhode Island in 1791
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- Cotton gin- 1793 - cleaned the seeds out of cotton
- Sped up the cleaning of seeds
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British began stopping US ships bound for France and impressing seamen (taking US sailors captive and forcing them to serve the British)
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- Opened up the southern part of the Mississippi River and New Orleans
- Established the northern border between Spanish Florida and the US
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- John Adams elected as the 2nd president
- Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) v. John Adams (Federalist)
- Thomas Jefferson - his political rival, becomes Vice President
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Parts of one musket could be used as parts for another musket
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- Convention of 1800 resolved the conflict between US and France - delicate balance with no alliance to avoid war with Great Britain
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- Tent meetings
- A large religious movement swept the nation
- Supported reforms in America
- Began around 1800
- Revivals led by Charles G. Finney
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- The Corps of Discovery left St. Louis, Missouri on May 14, 1804
- Two years and four months later on September 23, 1806, the Corps of Discovery returned to St. Louis
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- President Jefferson declared an embargo(no trade) with Britain and France
- Believed it would hurt Britain and other European countries and force them to accept American Neutrality
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- Launched the first successful steamboat service in 1807
- Steamboats decreased travel time - made trips shorter
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Causes:
* British military aid to Native Americans on the frontier
* British impressments of American sailors - Jay’s Treaty
* Embargo Act - Jefferson’s alternative to war
* War Hawks - Pushed for war with Great Britain -
- Battle of Horseshoe Bend
- Treaty of Ghent
- Battle of New Orleans
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James Madison reelected
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- 5th president of the United states
- "Era of good feelings"
-
US faced widespread economic problems
-
US acquired Florida and established a firm
boundary between the Louisiana Territory
(US territory through the Louisiana
Purchase) and Spanish territory in the west -
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled
that Congress had the right to establish a
national bank under the Necessary and
Proper (Elastic) Clause of the Constitution -
James Monroe reelected
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The extension of slavery into new
territories divides the North and South -
conflict over state’s rights -
Mexico gained independence from Spain
-
Stated American continents were no
longer open to colonization - US would view
any attempt as an act of aggression -
Evidence of sectional differences within the US
-
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled
that only Congress had the power to
regulate interstate commerce and foreign
trade -
Connected the Great Lakes with the Hudson River and the Atlantic Ocean
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Share everything, live in harmony
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Andrew Jackson reelected, James defeated Adams
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Protective tariff designed to protect
northern manufacturing from competition
from cheaper British imports -
led a group of settlers to Texas - Mexican government led by General Santa Anna exerted control over settlers
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Congress passed the Indian Removal
Act - authorized the removal of Native
Americans from the SE United States -
Caused the south to strengthen slave
codes (laws restricting activities and conduct
of slaves) -
- Founded The Liberator, an anti-slavery newspaper - 1831
- Used the freedom of press to get his message out.
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Pet banks was a key issue in this election
-
- South Carolina began protesting the Tariff of Abominations - high tariffs on British imports
- SC threatened to secede if the tariffs were not repealed
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Made harvesting wheat easier
-
Troops sent to round up Cherokee and move
them to Oklahoma -
Martin Van Buren elected
-
led the settlers into a rebellion - declared Texas independence
-
- Every Texan perished - “Remember the Alamo”
- Texans took Santa Anna hostage - agreed to recognize the Republic of Texas - 1836
-
Allowed farmers to plow and grow crops in areas out west that’s land was too dry or hard
-
William Henry Harrison elected
-
Based on transcendentalism
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Promoted travel and trade—AND SETTLEMENT OF THE WEST!
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*Signed in 1842 by Daniel Webster of US and Lord Ashburton of Great Britain
*Established the United States’ northern border with Canada in Maine and Minnesota -
- Polk elected
-
Communication is revolutionized-whole different way of sending msgs
-
Polk sent troops to Texas border to settle US-Mexico border dispute and to negotiate the purchase of California and New Mexico
-
Proposed banning slavery from any land purchased from Mexico
-
ended Mexican war
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- Elias Howe had the first patent on a sewing machine in the united states in 1846
- Helped to increase speed of manufacturing of textiles
-
- President Polk approached Britain proclaiming “”54-40, or fight!” - claimed US had rightful claims to Oregon territory
- British accepted fearing loss of trade with US - 49th parallel used as official boundary
- Oregon became a state in 1846
-
Stanton called for women to be given the right to vote
-
Mexico gave up New Mexico and California territories to the United States in exchange for payment
-
Zachary Taylor (Whig) elected President over Lewis Cass (Democrat) and Martin Van Buren (Free-Soil)
-
every man married to every women "free love"
-
Settlers moving west in search for gold
-
Henry Clay offers a compromise to maintain balance between the free and slave states
-
California enters the union as a free state due to the Compromise of 1850
-
President Zachary Taylor died of cholera
-
Franklin Pierce (Democrat) elected president over Winfield Scott (Whig) and John P. Hale (Free-Soil)
-
Land purchased to run a transcontinental railroad
-
Became part of the Republican Party after 1856
-
James Buchanan (Democrat) elected president over John C. Fremont (Republicans) and Millard Fillmore (Whig & American {Know-Nothings}
-
Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral votes
-
First battle between the Union and Confederate army
CONFEDERATE VICTORY -
Lincoln sent food for the troops, but before it arrived, Confederate soldiers opened fire
-
Distributed millions of acres of western territory to state governments
-
Bloodiest single day of the war
23,000 killed in one day -
Union wanted control of the Mississippi River
-
Anyone who would agree to cultivate 160 acres of land for 5 years would receive title to that land from the federal government
-
*Fredericksburg, Virginia
- Dec. 1862
- Large number of Union casualties
- CONFEDERATE VICTORY
*Chancellorsville, Virginia
- May 1863
- Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson killed
- CONFEDERATE VICTORY -
Freed the slaves in the confederate states while preserving slavery in the border states that were still loyal to the union
-
Democrats nominated George McClellan – former Union general to run for president
-
Grant surrounds Lee outside of Richmond, Virginia
-
Congress passed with the intention of giving citizenship rights to African Americans
-
Ulysses S. Grant elected
-
Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) reelected president over Horace Greeley (Democratic)
-
- Grant’s administration surrounded by corruption (Whiskey Ring, Credit Mobilier)
- Samuel Tilden (Democrat) v. Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)
-
- Democrats agreed to give Hayes the presidency
- Republicans agreed to end Reconstruction in the South
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People given land in Oklahoma to encourage settlement
