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Treaty Of Paris
President: None
Other Nations: Great Britain
How territory was gained: Treaty made after the American victory of the American Revolution. It dissolved the Proclamation Line and allowed exspansion to the west.
Why they wanted it: Resources, more land, and economic opportunities.
Effects on the Indians: Caused more tension between Americans and Indians and causes Indian removal policies. -
Louisiana Purchase
President: Thomas Jefferson
Other Nations: France
How territory was gained: France sold the territory of Louisiana to America for 15 million dollars.
Why they wanted it: More land and access to the Mississippi River.
Effects on Indians: Caused more conflict between Americans and Indians. -
Lewis, Clark, and Sacajawea Expedition
President: Thomas Jefferson
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: Meriwether Lewis and William Clark mapped their travels and geographical features to America's new territory and record nature to ensure safety for people to live in.
Why they wanted it: Thomas Jefferson wanted to get information about the west.
Effects on Indians: The Indians would be removed from the western territories after American exspansion. -
Adam-Onis Treaty
President: James Monroe
Other Nations: Spain
How territory was gained: America forced Spain to negotiate in selling their territory for 5 million dollars.
Why they wanted it: Access to Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean
Effects on Indians: Americans started to push out Indians from their land. -
Santa Fe Trail
President: James Monroe
Other Nations: Spain
How territory was gained: It increased settlement in Spanish territories
Why they wanted it: Trade route to Mexico and other spanish territories.
Effects on Indians: Increased American-Indian contact that would cause more conflict. -
Indian Removal Act
President: Andrew Jackson
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: Forced Indians to move out of their homes that resulted in the death of 400 Cherokee Indians.
Why they wanted it: For gold and control of more land.
Effects on Indians: Caused Indians to become enemies with America. -
Oregon Trail
President: Andrew Jackson
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: Caused American exspansion in the west territories.
Why they wanted it: Fertile land, trade, and opportunity.
Effects on Indians: Reduced living space for Indians because of American inhabitants. -
Annexation of Texas
President: James Polk
Other Nations: Mexico
How territory was gained: Texas became the 28th state of America thus causing problems between Mexico and America.
Why they wanted it: To try to claim Mexican territories by expanding to their borders.
Effects on Indians: Lost land due to American exspansion. -
Mormon Trek
President: James Polk
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: Mormans traveled across the west and settled in Salt Lake City.
Why they wanted it: For religeous freedoms.
Effects on Indians: None -
Mexican American War
President: James Polk
Other Nations: Mexico
How territory was gained: California, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, and part of Wyoming was gained due to the war.
Why they wanted it: Gold, land, and expansion of slavery.
Effects on Indians: Caused Indians to lose more land due to American exspansion. -
Oregon Treaty 54-40 or Fight Campaign
President: James Polk
Other Nations: Great Britain
How territory was gained: Through a treaty with Great Britain.
Why they wanted it: Increase exspansion of America by the exspansionist beliefs of president Polk.
Effects on Indians: None -
California Gold Rush
President: James Polk
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: Caused a huge exspansion in the west.
Why they wanted it: For gold.
Effects on Indians: American Government started to exterminate Indians. -
Gadsden Purchase
President: Franklin Pierce
Other Nations: Mexico
How territory was gained: James Gadsden purchased 45,535 square miles of Mexican territory.
Why they wanted it: To build a railroad.
Effects on Indians: James Gadsden built the railroad on Indian territory which caused conflict. -
The Sand Creek Massacre
President: Abraham Lincoln
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: By exterminating Indian inhabitants.
Why they wanted it: Gold in Colorado's Rocky Mountains.
Effects on Indians: Cheyenne and Arapahoe Indians were murdered and some Indians were moved into reservations. -
Completion of The Transcontinental Railroad
President: Abraham Lincoln
Other Nations: Mexico
How territory was gained: Easier for Americans to move to the west
Why they wanted it: It caused faster transportation for Americans to travel, it was the evolution of the road.
Effects on Indians: None -
The Battle of Little Bighorn
President: Ulysses S. Grant
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: Montana was obtained through a war with Indians led by George Custer.
Why they wanted it: Gold
Effects on Indians: Indians were killed and were forced on reservations. -
Dawes Act
President: Grover Cleveland
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: American government sold Indian land.
Why they wanted it: For expsansion of America and to control and eliminate Indians.
Effects on Indians: Indian tribes were forced into reservations where conditions were uninhabitable. -
The Massacre at Wounded Knee
President: Benjamin Harrison
Other Nations: None
How territory was gained: 7th U.S. Cavalry killed Lakota Indian women, men, and children with unjust cause.
Why they wanted it: To control Indian territory.
Effects on Indians: This was the last battle between Americans and Indians after America gained total control over Indians.
