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323
Alexander and his Empire fall
June 10-11 323 BCE- Alexander the Great of Macedon succumbs to a two week long fever and dies in the palace of Nebuchadnezzar II. With his death, the empire dissipates; leaving what is left of his force in chaos. Thus, the Great Empire shattered. -
323
Alexander the Great dies
June 10-11 323 BCE- Alexander the Great of Macedon succumbs to a two week long fever and dies in the palace of Nebuchadnezzar II. With his death, the empire dissipates; leaving what is left of his force in chaos. Thus, the Great Empire shattered. -
327
The Empire starts to fall
Spring 327 BCE—Spring 326 BCE- Alexander leads a mild campaign in India. This led to an easy victory and the addition of India to the empire, which, at this time was beginning to crumble and dissipate. -
330
Alexander crushes Darius
Spring 330 BCE—Spring 329 BCE- Alexander chased Darius into Media, then Parthia, before Darius was captured by his Bactrian kinsman. He killed Darius and proclaimed himself king, then retreated into Central Asia to try and fight off Alexander. As Darius died, he named Alexander the successor to his empire. Alexander proceeded to fight against Bessus, the newfound “king”. After destroying him and taking Central Asia, Alexander’s men began to become restless and the empire began to crumble. -
331
Alexander takes Egypt
Spring 331 BCE- Alexander leaves Egypt and makes his way to Mesopotamia, and defeats Darius once again, forcing the king to flee. Alexander pursued to Arbela, capturing the territory along the way. Darius escaped and left Babylon to Alexander. -
331
Alexander takes Persian Capitol
Late Spring 331 BCE—Summer 331 BCE- Alexander left Babylon to finally crush the already badly beaten Persian force one last time, and take Darius down once and for all. He reached the great Persian Gates and shattered the army guarding it before continuing down the Royal Road to the capitol, Persepolis, where he shattered what was left of the Persian force and destroyed the city. As he did, there was a fire that took the city and brought it to the ground, thus ending the empire. Darius was nowhe -
332
Alexander meets Darius
Spring 333 BCE—Spring 332 BCE- In the following years’ time, Alexander continued south and was met by the Persian Emperor Darius, who significantly outnumbered Alexander and his forces. In the ensuing fight, Darius was smashed and divided. The King panicked and fled, leaving his army to Alexander. As he did, he also left his family behind to the Macedonians. Alexander performed yet another unprecedented feat in showing the exact kindness he always had to the Persians and the Royal Family. He tre -
334
Alexander invades Persia
Spring 334 BCE- Alexander begins his conquest of the Persian Empire, and in his first battle, The Battle of Granicus, nearly loses. He goes into the fight thinking himself above the enemy and that Persia was his god given right. From this point, Alexander continued his conquest through Asia Minor. After the surrender of Sardis, he continued along the coast to force the titan sized Persian Fleet from the coast and out into water, rendering it useless as he took the port city of Halicarnassus, for -
334
Alexander becomes "King of Asia"
Late Spring 334 BCE—Summer 334 BCE- With the coast taken and the fleet driven out towards the sea, Alexander moved more inland. Here he conquered the cities of Pisidia and Gordium. Here, he undid the famous “Gordium Knot” said only to be accomplishable by the King of Asia. This was accomplished as Alexander simply proclaimed “It matters little how the knot is undone,” and proceeded to hack the knot to pieces, hereby setting himself locally as the King of Asia. -
335
Alexander takes Northern Greece
Spring 335 BCE- Alexander wishes to strengthen his northern borders before he proceeds to his true target, Persia. He begins in the spring of this year, he began what is known as the Balkan Campaign, starting from Amphipolis and traveling east to the so called "Independent Thracian" state. Smashing the Thracians, he went on to take Triballi and the Gatae tribe. Two kings openly stood against Alexander, Cleitus, King of Illyria and Glaukias, King of Taulanti. In response, he went to each in turn -
335
Rebellions in Southern Greece
Summer 335 BCE- with Alexander focused in the North, the Athenians and the Thebans rebel in the South. Alexander immediately responds, attacking Thebes first. This made many cities that were here before willing to fight unsure, and as Alexander razed the city and divided the territory, Athens too backed out of the conflict, leaving all of Greece in relative peace. For the first time, Greece was unified under one banner and one king. In order to leave to deal with Persia, Alexander relied on a so -
336
Philip II is Assasinated
Spring 336 BCE- Philip II is assassinated during another wedding of his by the captain of his bodyguard and Alexander III rises to the throne to replace his father. It is this time that he takes his father's expansionist plans into action. -
336
Conquest of Southern Greece
Summer 336 BCE- By the end of this year, he was proclaimed the Hegemony, or leader, of the Southern Greek city states, uniting them under the banner of Macedon. This did not cover all of Greece, yet for the time, the uniting of these states was something otherwise unprecedented. With the rebellions quelled, Alexander began to focus efforts on a conquest of the Persian Empire and the Asia Minor. -
336
Alexander III rises to power
Spring-Summer 336 BCE- Through execution and exile, he eliminated all possible threats to his throne, including several cousins of his. He then took a force of Calvary and drove them down the Peloponnesian peninsula, suppressing revolts and rebellions as he went, though advised to use diplomacy, Alexander put into play a set of tactics that ended in very little fighting, yet forced his enemies into submission. When stopped at the pass between Mount Olympus and Mount Ossa, he rode his men over Os -
Philip II of Macedon
359 BCE- Philip II of Macedon rises to the chaotic throne after being held against his will in Thebes from 368-365 BCE, establishing Macedon as a power within the city states of Greece, pushing back his enemies on all sides and reestablishing strength in his army, as well as political stability in his country.
