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The battle in the peninsula when the muslims conquered the peninsula -
In 711, a small muslim army led by Tarik, crossed the strait of Gibraltar and defeated the visigoths in the battle of Guadalete.
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Abd al Rahman found the independent emirate of Cordoba, it has its own administrative and legal structure. The still remained under the Baghdad´s authority.
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To be more powerful, Emir Abd al-Rahman III named himself as the caliph and procclaimed independence from Baghdad´s religious authority. The caliphate of Cordoba was an economic, cultural and speciific golden age, and Cordoba became the most populated city.
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Muslims divided al-Andalus into 25 different independent kingdoms, or taifas. This fragmentation was the cause of the attacks of Christian kingdoms from the north . -
In the 11th century, the high cost of the army and the rivalry to escape from the caliph´s sent the Caliphate into a crisis.
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The Almoravids and the Almohads were two North-African muslim peoples that arrived to the peninsula and take over the most of the taifas.
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The muslims were defeated in these battle and the christians conquered all taifa kingdoms. -
This starts when the last Muslim enclave was the Kingdom of Granada and was founded by the Nasrid dynasty. For over two centuries, the nasrid kingdom was prosperous thanks to trade and agriculture. In the late 15th century, the Catholic kings decided to conquer the kingdom. Boabdil, surrendered Granada in 1492, ending 800 years of Islamic rule on the Iberian Peninsula.