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CORE
Civil Rights: Rights that protect an individual
- Group of students committed to nonviolent direct action
- Assisted in desegregation of many public facilities -
Jackie Robinson Hired to the Brooklyn Dodgers
Color line: Barrier separating whites from nonwhites by economic differences
- First black MLB player ever
- Opposing teams and sometimes his own team were mad about this -
Executive Order 9981
Segregation: Setting someone or something apart from others
- Ended segregation in the military
- Desegregation became policy of armed forces -
Brown v Board of Education Ruling
Thurgood Marshall: Former justice of supreme court
- Court ruling declaring segregation in schools was unconstitutional
- NAACP appealed the case -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks - African American refused to give up her seat when asked by a white male
- Boycott that resulted in integration
- African Americans refused to ride the buses, so they took other transportation -
Integration of Central High School
Little rock nine: Nine teenagers integrate at small high school in Arkansas
- A judge ordered for desegregation in schools
- Two thousand whites attended the school and nine blacks -
First Lunch counter Sit-In
Jim Crow laws and Sit-ins : State and local laws forcing segregation
- Four African Americans went to a lunch counter and weren't served
- The server refused to serve them because they were black
-They didn't leave until the store closed -
Freedom Rides
Civil Disobedience
- Non-Violent protest against something protester disagrees with
- CORE was involved with organizing freedom rides
- CORE abandoned freedom rides but SNCC continued them
- Some freedom riders were beat up for the cause -
Black Panther Party
-Black Power : A movement to support black peoples rights and political power
- Group wanted good housing, teachers, and jobs.
- Created services for their community. -
March on Washington
NAACP - An organization. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
- A protest in the Capital for Jobs and Freedom and for the passage of civil rights
- Largest political gathering ever held in the U.S -
Birmingham Campaign
SCLC: African American civil rights organization
- African americans were targeted with bombings and other forms of violence
- They made many protests with nonviolence -
Civil Rights act of 1964
Plessy v Ferguson: case that upheld state segregation
- banned discrimination based on sex, race, religion, or origin
- Most important civil rights law since Reconstruction -
Advocates for Black Nationalism
Nation of Islam: Wanted complete separation of white society
-Malcom X: leader of black nationalism
-Malcom became the Nation of islam's effective preacher -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Disenfranchise - not allowed to vote
- Congress passed Voting Rights of 1965
- African Americans got right to vote because of this act -
Watts Riot
Kerner Commission and Ghetto - National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders , white racism was cause of riots
- Ghettos - a place where a group of single ethnic groups live
- African Americans thought violence was a way to move the system -
Civil Rights act of 1968
Discrimination: Special treatment to different categories of people
- Black power meant shaping the policy through political process
- The number of blacks registered to vote went from 1 to 3.1 million -
Swann v Charlotte - Mecklenberg Board of Education
Desegregation - Ending racial segregation
- Judge wanted in integrate schools using buses
- The school thought he went to far with the plan -
Regents of the U. of California vs Bakke
Affirmative Action: Favoring those who suffer from discrimination
- A white male challenged preferential treatment to school admissions
- Reverse discrimination was thought to be what was happening, the discrimination of whites or males
