-
Franklin Roosevelt (Liberal)
Defeated Herbert Hoover for presidency. Served for four terms (1933-1945). Truman (Vice President) took his place after he died. -
M.A.I.N.E.
Militarism - belief that the government should maintain strong military | Alliances - union formed for mutual benefits -
Western and Eastern Line WWI
Western line located between France and Germany
Eastern located in Russia and Germany -
Powers WWI
Allied Powers - Russia, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Portugal, Serbia, Italy, Greece, Romania, Belgium -
Schlieffen Plan
A plan made by Germany to invade France and Belgium -
First Battle of the Marne
A plan made between France and Britain against Germany who invaded Belgium and Northeastern France -
Powers WWI (2)
Central Powers - Turkey (Ottoman Empire), Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary, Germany, Luxembourg
Neutral Countries - North Africa, Norway, Sweden, Spain, Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland -
M.A.I.N.E. (2)
Imperialism - a policy of extending a country's power | Nationalism - loyalty to one nation/patriotic | Extreme leaders -
Alliances WWI
Allied Powers - Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Axis Powers - Russia, France, Britain -
How the War Effected Women and Minorities
They gained jobs easily during the war, but after it ended, they all were left unemployed -
Battle of Verdun
Was the longest battle on the Western Front between German and French armies. -
Sussex Pledge
A pledge Germany made to US to discontinue their unrestricted submarine warfare, later they disobeyed and again acted upon submarine warfare -
Reasons America Joined the War
the main reason was against Germany because of its submarine warfare that was affecting America -
Zimmerman Note
Zimmermann Note was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico. If Mexico agreed, they would regain Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico from the US. -
Espionage Act
Passed in response to fears that German secret agents might try to weaken American war effort. The act makes it illegal to interfere with the draft. -
Sedition Act
banned negative talk about the government and war -
How Americans Helped the Allies Win the War
Americans joined Allied counterattack against Germany, forcing Germany to surrender, and also helped save France from an attack from Germany -
Fundamentalism
A form of religion, especially Islam and Protestant Christianity, that upholds belief in the strict, literal interpretation of scripture -
Conservative vs. Liberal
Conservatives are not open to change and want to keep traditional ways. Liberals are open to change. -
Red & Red Scare
A radical, anarchist, or communist
Radical - open to change, against conservatives
Anarchist - rebel, wants to do away with government
Communism - a community where people do not own stuff individually but the community does
Red Scare - the fear of communism -
Wet vs. Dry
Wet - against prohibition, in favor of the produce and distribution of alcohol
Dry - in favor of prohibition, against alcohol -
18th & 19th Amendment
18th - prohibition of alcohol
19th - granted women the right to vote -
Teapot Dome Scandal
The Secretary of the Interior leased government oil reserves to a private company that paid him kickbacks -
Cut Federal Income Tax
Taxes were already so low, families were only saving $3.75 per year and the wealthy were keeping their tax cuts -
Trickle Down Theory
Was an economic ideal which held the belief that the government should get involved in the economy by pumping money into it, and thus creating a surplus supply of money that would "trickle" down onto the rest of society -
Hawley Smoot Tariff Act
The Smoot-Hawley Act is the Tariff Act of 1930. It increased 900 import tariffs by an average of 40 to 48 percent. Most economists blame it for worsening the Great Depression. It also contributed to the start of World War II. -
Brain Trust
Franklin Roosevelt created a team of educated and intelligent cabinet members -
Bank Holiday
The closing of banks to help gain confidence back in the bank. -
Fireside Chats
A series of radio broadcasts made by Franklin Roosevelt to the nation -
21st Amendment
Repealed prohibition -
The New Deal
1) Relief - $, food, shelter, temporary charity
2) Recovery - programs aimed at industrial & agricultural recovery, jobs
3) Reform - lasting changes -
CCC & FERA
CCC - Civilian Conservation Corps was a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men. Originally for young men ages 18–25, it was eventually expanded to ages 17–28.
FERA - Federal Emergency Relief Administration, this organization's purpose was initially to distribute 500 million dollars in federal funds to state agencies. These funds were grants and not loans. -
Neutrality Acts
A series of laws enacted in 1935 and 1936 to prevent US arms sales and loans to nations at war and for the United States to remain neutral during war -
World War II
Went on from Sept. 1, 1939 - Sept. 2, 1945 -
Blitzkrieg
A German term for "Lighting War", a military tactic designed to create disorganization among enemy forces through the use of mobile forces and locally concentrated firepower. -
Allies for World War II
Great Britain, France, and The Soviet Union, later joined by the U.S. -
Axis Powers for World War II
Germany, Italy, and Japan -
Joachim/Jochen Peiper
A Full Colonel in the SS Panzer Group -
Executive Order 9006
A United States presidential executive order signed and issued during World War II by the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942. This sent Japanese American citizens to imprisonment camps. -
Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Counteroffensive, took place from 16 December 1944 to 25 January 1945 and was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II -
Fortitude
Fortitude South - invasion into France
Fortitude North - invasion into Norway
Fortitude - Allied deception plan for OVERLORD -
Bastonge
A village in the country of Belgium -
2nd American Army Unit
This unit held off the German sixth Panzer at Elsenborn Ridge -
Number of Troop Kills
Americans - about 8,000
Germans - about 11,000 -
D Day
June 6, 1944
This was Hitler's last major offensive
Landed on a beach in Normandy, France
Had to deal with operation overlord -
6 Elements & Stalling
1) surprise
2) strength of the blow
3) speed of the advance
4) slow American response
5) poor performance by the GI's
6) bad weather
Stalling - (bad roads) traffic jam, bridge was blown up, mine detectors far away -
Ultimate goal of the German thrust
Antwerp, Belgium -
Operation Overlord
Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation was launched on 6 June 1944 with the Normandy landings (Operation Neptune, commonly known as D-Day) -
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an international organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among its member countries -
Iron Curtain
name given to the nonphysical line dividing Europe into 2 separate areas from the end of the WW2 to the end of the cold war -
Hollywood 10
related to the blacklist of screenwriters, producers, directors who refused to answer questions regarding their potential connections to communist beliefs -
Truman Doctrine
wanted to stop the spread of Soviet unions communism, aid aimed at saving Greece and Turkey -
Marshall Plan
aid will rebuild western europe
