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Puberty
Puberty is the onset of sexual organs maturing in the body, due to the brain's pituitary gland signaling sex hormones to begin development at adult levels. This happens under the physical domain and occurs differently for boys and girls. Girls typically begin this development at 11 or 12 yrs, while boys begin around 13 or 14. Still, ages in which puberty begins varies widely. Increase in hormones creates the entire body to mature & can create changes in mood.
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Piaget's Formal Operational Stage
Under the cognitive domain, children go through different stages of developing their cognitive abilities. Piaget posed that, at the start of adolescence, age 12, people begin the ability to think abstractly, during his formal operational stage. Now, adolescence can use hypotheticodeductive reasoning, where they start with general logic, then produce reasoning. They also use propositional thought, using abstract thought without concrete examples.
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Self Concept
Adolescence marks the period where people become aware of & differentiate their own view of themselves with how others view and think of them. Under the socio-emotional domain, self-concept allows teens to have a broader, more organized & clear view of themselves. Instead of only using physical traits to describe themselves, they can identify with ideologies, values, etc. Broad personality allows teens to learn that different circumstances bring out different traits.
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Adolescent Depression
Depression occurs under the socio-emotional domain and is a feeling of sadness & hoplesness. Over 1/4th of adolescence report that they have felt depressed for more than 2 weeks in a row, with 2/3 saying they felt depressed at least once. Social, environmental and biological factors affect severity of depression, with girls at higher risk than boys. Popularity & academic success that girls feel more pressure to attain may contribute to that risk factor.
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