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Lieutenant James Cook claims the East coast for Australia
Captain Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet, comprising 11 ships and around 1,350 people, arrived at Botany Bay between 18 and 20 January 1788. However, this area was deemed to be unsuitable for settlement and they moved north to Port Jackson on 26 January 1788, landing at Camp Cove, known as 'cadi' to the Cadigal people. -
French claimed on part of the western coast
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It was a period of exploration, frontier war, and new settlements being built
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First Settlement which is today Sydney
On 26 January 1788 With 717 convicts of which included some 180 women, 191 marines and 19 officers. Capt. Arthur Phillip, R.N. was commissioned as the first Governor of New South Wales. In the heat of a mid-summer day the building of the Nation began. Convicts felled trees, cleared ground and erected the first structures in Australia, Tents and Marquees for officers and guards. By 6 February canvas accommodation was sufficient to house the women convicts. Such was the conditions of the -
George Bass explored the coast south of Australia as far as Western Port in Victoria
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Matthew flinders sailed right round Tasmania expoloring the Tamar Rivver mouth in North Tasmania and the Derwent River in the south east
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The development of department stores
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Two settlements were established in Tasmania.
The first one was the mouth of the Derwent River in Tasmania. The second was the settlement of 455 persons, mainly convicts and marines, was establish ed at Port Phillip, near the modern Victorian town of Sorrento -
Moreton Bay convict colony was established
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In what is now the Northern Territory there were settelment at Port Essington and Meliville Island
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Van Diemen's Land became a colony in its own right
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Second and more successful settlement was established at King George sound on the Southern coast of western Australia.
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Sydney started the chain of David Jones
David Jones went on to rebuild the George Street store in 1887. The building boasted the city's first hydraulic lift, transporting astonished customers almost magically through the store. The new premises allowed the retailer to expand and to include furniture and furnishings. New designs and imports surprised and delighted eager customers. In 1890, David Jones released its first catalogue and the mail order department sent parcels to all corners of Australia -
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It was the Great Australian Gold Rush, the colonies experienced huge growth and immigration.
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The greatest increase in population occured in Victoria
Number rose from 76 000 to 540 000 making it the biggest colony -
Black Thursday Bushfires
The Black Thursday bushfires were a devastating series of fires that swept the state of Victoria, Australia on 6 February 1851. They are considered the largest Australian bushfires in a populous region in recorded history, with approximately 5 million hectares, or a quarter of Victoria, being burnt. 12 lives were lost, along with one million sheep and thousands of cattle. -
Gold Rushes lead to a new wave of Chinese Migrants
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Victoria broke away from New South Wales to become a separate colony
This is the same year the gold rush began -
The Eureka Rebellion was an armed conflict which is attributed to as the birth of democracy in Australia.
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Victoria imposed a poll tax of ten pounds on each Chinese Immigrant
The Chinese Immigration Act, 1923, known in the Chinese Canadian community as the Chinese Exclusion Act was an act passed by the Parliament of Canada, banning most forms of Chinese immigration to Canada. Immigration from most countries was controlled or restricted in some way, but only the Chinese were so completely prohibited from immigrating. -
By this time there were 25000 Chinese in Australia
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Europeans attacked the Chinese fearing there would not be enough gold to go around.
Beating them up, stealing there belongings and the old, burning their tents and throwing them off their claims -
Queensland was separated from New South Wales
Brought in Pacific Islanders to work on it sugar cane plantations, while all other states opposed non- european migration -
Period: to
It was the Great Australian Gold Rush, the colonies experienced huge growth and immigration.
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New source of cheap labour was founded in the islands of the South Pacific
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Conditions started to improve for many Australian workers
Increased wealth as a consequence of the gold rushes
Investment of this wealth in property and industries
Greater demand for goods and food because of the increase in population
More efficient farming mehtods -
Australians first momosque was built in Marree
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Afghan assitsted with building the Overland Telegraph line from Adelaide to Darwin
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The first recorded Japanese diver arrived in Torres Strait
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Sir Henry Parkes proposed an idea
Proposed that federal council can be formed to raise public awareness of federal ideas and discuss matters that were of common interest to all the colonies -
Federal Council was formed
South Australia and New South Australia. The council met every two years to discuss minor matters and didn't have the power to make laws -
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Melbourne's cable tram system began and ended
Trams were powered by a continously moving cable running along a groove between the track -
George street store was rebuilt and had the first hydraulic lift in the country
After surviving a bankruptcy scare in the 1850s, the company prospered with the Jones family maintaining a significant interest through David's son, Edward Lloyd, and his grandsons, Edward Lloyd, Eric and Charles Lloyd Jones (1879-1958) who was Chairman of the company between 1920 and 1958. A new four-storey building was constructed on the existing George Street site in 1887 with two extra floors added in 1906, the same year David Jones became a public company -
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Queensland is in civil war between the armed unions against government forces. Large skirmishes, attacks on wool sheds, and naval battles take place across the colony.
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In New South Wales the Labour Electoral League ws formed to use government to press for improving the situation for workers.
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Australia formed its first Labor Government in the world
The Australian Labor Party is the oldest existing political party in Australia. It emerged out of the various electoral organisations formed by trade unions and socialists across the Australian colonies. The name Australian Labor Party was adopted in 1908. It enjoyed immediate success and remains a dominant political force in Australia -
Women in South Australia were granted suffrage
This means the right to vote in the colony's elections, This was one of the earliest instances anywhere in the world of women winning voting rights. The success in South Australia strengthened the resolve of women in the other colonies to push for the same rights. -
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Australia fights in the Boer War.
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An act put removal of part- aboriginal children in the hands of the Minister with no right appeal to the courts
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Queen Victoria signed the Commonwealth of Australia institution Act
The new nation officially began on 1 January 1901 at a ceremony in Centennial Park -
Federation of Australia is the beginning of the Australian nation.
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Children Protection Act was introduced
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Australia fights in WW1 - Major battles include Gallipoli, Beersheba
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Canberra had been chosen for the siting of the Parliament house and this then opened in Canberra
