-
Religious Cultural Expression
The cultural expression I chose was religious and spiritual. Religious and spiritual expression can be expressed through; experiencing, imaging, making, narrating, enacting, performing and gather. A religious expressions are intended to expand the religious doctrines, ceremonial events, and train believers. -
1950s
During the 1950s, in high Arctic relocation, the federal government moved 87 Inuit from inukjauak to Ellesmere Cornwallis islands. This relocation was the governments effort to protect northern territory power during the Cold War. Suitable support for these communities did not come about. -
1960s
During the 1960s, status indigenous people received the official right to vote in federal elections. While doing so, they no longer would lose their status or treaty rights. -
Period: to
1965 - 1970
Thousands of indigenous children were taken from families by provincial and federal authorities. Their culture was striped of them, along with any traditions and practices that were instilled in them. They were placed in foster care, or adoption with non-indigenous families. These years were called, “Sixties Scoop”. This occurred in the prairies mainly. This emotionally traumatized children families, and communities, leaving them with a lost sense of cultural identity. -
Period: to
1970 -1973
Eastern Arctic Inuit of the NWTs begun to discuss about forming an Inuit territory. During that time, Supreme Court of Canada agreed that indigenous people held title to land before th European settlers. Chief Frank Calder, the Calder case, forces government to make new policies to negotiate land claims for the indigenous peoples who aren’t covered by treaties. By doing so, gives this culture more, allowing them to continue their practices and cultural expression. -
1974 - 1980
Native women association of Canada begun. This advocated for indigenous women and girls to have social, political, and economic welfare. This association promotes education, challenges discriminatory policies, and works toward ending inequalities for indigenous women and girls. -
1980 - 1985
Activists travelled to Ottawa from Vancouver to spread awareness on the lack of recognition of indigenous rights in the Canadian constitution. Activists additionally recognized the culture stripped from these children and communities and the lack of practices passed down as children and women were sheltered from rights. The “Indian act” came about to address discrimination against indigenous women that face the loss of their Indian status if they marry non-status. -
1990s
The Meech Lake Accord collapses when the First Nations member in the Manitoba legislature, Elijah Harper, blocks the access, leaving the accords failure to consult with First Nations or recognize their constitutional rights. The closure of Gordon Residential schools in Saskatchewan. This marks the start of an end of residential schools in Canada. -
1990s extended
Supreme court makes several laws in order to respect and preserve indigenous people. Theses laws include;
1) 1997 ruling that traditional indigenous land rights and title that can’t be extinguished by the British Columbia government.
2) 2003 ruled 3 conditions for Métis status: self-identification as a Métis individuals (ancestral connection to Métis community or accepted to a community).
During this decade the indigenous culture was recognize by the government and was helped to preserve it. -
2000s
2008
- Prime Minister Stephen Harper issues a statement of apology to former students of residential schools in Canada for the harm caused by advocating goals, abuse, and cultural loss. She apologizes on behalf of Canada for the culture, traditions, languages, and practices taken from these young children and the lack of culture passed down to them. -
2017 - Most Recent News Regarding Indigenous Culture
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau extends the apology in 2017 to students of residential schools in Newfoundland and Labrador.