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Jan 1, 1200
Assyrians Rise to Power
The Assyrians rise to power. After the end of the Kassite rule, the Assyrians took control in Mesopotamia. Their rule lasted for three hundred years. -
Period: Jan 1, 1200 to
---8000 B.C. to 1200 B.C. Mesopotamia's History
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Jan 1, 1400
The Umbrella is Invented
The umbrella is invented in Mesopotamia. The umbrella was invented for protection from shade, and was not used for protection from rain at this time. -
Kassites Rule Babylon
Hittites raid Babylon, and the Kassites begin their rule of Babylon. The Hittites capture and plunder Babylon, and do not stay and hold the territory. In their place, the Kassites rule Babylon for about four hundred years. There is little archaeological record of this period. -
Hammurabi Rules Babylon
Hammurabi rules Babylon. Hammurabi was the ruler of Babylon at the beginning of the century. He used his power to bring the entire Mesopotamia region under his control, and created a law code that covered the whole region, instead of having each city-state have their own laws. -
Babylonians Conquer City-states
The Sumerian city-states are conquered by the Babylonains. After many conquests and reconquests the Sumerian city-states finally fall, and the new invaders of Sumer take control. The Babylonians establish their new capital in Babylon. -
Sumerians Revolt
The Sumerians revolt against Akkadian rule and take control once again. -
Sagron Takes Contol of Akkad
Sargon takes control of Akkad. During his time of leader he conquered Sumer and the other Mesopotamian city-states. After his death, and the rule of his grandson, the Akkadian Empire collapsed. -
Sumerians Write Oldest Story
Sumerians write the oldest story in the world. Sometime before 1800 B.C., and mostly between 2450 B.C. and 2000 B.C., Sumerians wrote down the epic poem about Gilgamesh, making it the oldest discovered story in the world. -
City-states Become Ruled By Kings
The city-states become ruled by kings. By this time, the city-states moved from various types of governments, one example being a council of nobles paired with a general assembly of citizens, to choosing a military leader from the people. The leaders started to rule as kings, and kingships became hereditary shortly after this occurred. -
Sumerians Establish 12 City-states
The Sumerians established 12 city-states. A city-state is an independent state that is made up of a city and the surrounding villages and land. These 12 city-states included Ur, Uruk, and Eridu. These city-states had a population ranging from 20,000 to 250,000. -
Cuneiform Invented
The Sumerians invent the oldest writing system. Their system is called cuneiform and began with pictograms. It would eventually evolve and inspire alphabetic systems of writing. -
Sumerians Arrive
The Sumerians arrive in Mesopotamia. The Sumerians were originally from Central Asia and settled in the Tigris-Euphrates river valley. -
Farming Starts
Mesopotamian farmers start to produce an abundance of food, especially grains. -
Nomads Arrive
Nomads move into the the Nile River valley, otherwise known as the Fertile Crescent. -
Inhabitation begins
At this time, the Fertile Crescent is only sparesly inhabited.
