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Textile Mill in US
Samuel Slater had started the first textile mill in the US that was successful in 1793. The mill was located in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Slater brought his knowledge of the industry from England when he emigrated to the United States.
October 30th, 2010
Photo retrieved from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Print_Works,_Amoskeag_Manufacturing_Company.jpg -
The Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin in 1793, and received a patent for it in 1794. The cotton gin seperated cotton from the seeds, thus eliminating the time consuming process of seperating it by hand. The cotton gin increased the production of cotton in the south, and sent the profit per pound soaring.
October 30th, 2010
Photo retrieved from: http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/eaa/broadsides/B00/B0043/B0043-01-72dpi.jpeg -
Interchangeable Parts
Eli Whitney, who also invented the Cotton Gin, introduced the idea of creating interchangeable parts. When he had a contract in 1796 to make 10,000 guns in two years, he realized that it would be much faster to make the guns if they all had identical parts, over different for each gun. This thought process made the system of gun production much faster.
October 30, 2010 Photo retrieved from: http://images.library.yale.edu/madid/oneItem.aspx?id=1776131&q=&q1=&q2=&qc1=&qc2=&qf1=&qf2=&qn=&qo=&qm= -
Eli Whitney builds factory in Hamdem, Conneticut
Eli Whitney built a factory in Hamdem, Conneticut, aiding the growth of industrialization in Conneticut. As more factories arose, the population grew.
November 5th, 2010
Image from : http://www.archive.org/stream/memoirofeliwhitn00olms#page/n7/mode/2up -
All Northern States Have Laws Against Slavery
By 1804, all of the Northern states either had laws or legislation that banned slavery. -
Steamboats
Robert Fulton took the idea of a steam engine, which was used in the textile industry, and used it to power a ship. In 1807 the Clermont, his steam-powered ship, made a round trip up the Hudson River.
October 30, 2010
Photo retrieved from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:FultonSeine.jpg -
American Colonization Society
The American Colonization Society was formed in 1816. The ACS helped to found Liberia, a colony on the coast of West Africa, where free African Americans would be transported. Many southern states strongly supported teh ACS -
Rush-Bagot Agreement
President Monroe signed the Rush-Bagot Agreement in 1817, part of the process of establishing foreign policy, in which both the United States and Great Britian were to reduce the number of warships in the Great Lakes area.
November 12, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rush-Bagot-treaty-marker.jpg -
Convention of 1818
At the Convention of 1818 Great Britian in the United States signed a treaty to help resolve boundary issues regarding the Oregon territory. It made it so that Britian and the United States both had ownership of the land. This would be revised in the Oregon Treaty of 1846. -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that because a bank was created by the national government, no state could put a tax on it, in the court case of McCulloch vs. Maryland, where Maryland forced a national bank to pay a $15,000 tax because it was federal.
November 12, 2010 Photo Retrieved from: http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?doc=21 -
Educational Reform in the 1820's
In the 1820's, many political leaders began to realize that education was connected to the overall standings of the nation, and in a very direct way. William McGuffey and Horace Mann were key to the reform. -
Vesey's Rebellion
In 1822 Denmark Vesey, a slave who bought his freedom in 1800 and became a preacher, led a rebellion to size Charleston, South Carolina. His plan failed, and 35 slaves, including himself, were executed as a result of the incident.
November 5, 2010
Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:North_american_slave_revolts.png -
Hartford Female Seminary
Established by Catherine Beecher and Mary Lyon, the Hartford Female Seminary in Conneticut focused on educating women. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Monroe Doctrine was stated by President Monroe in 1823. The doctrine stated that the US would oppose efforts by a foreign power to take control of a nation in the western hemisphere. Any attempts by such powers would be considered a threat.
November 12, 2010 Photo Retrieved from: http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/travpres/bigmonros.htm -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
In 1824, the Supreme Court ruled that it was up to the federal government, over the states government, to regulate any type of interstate business in the court case of Gibbons vs. Ogden. -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams ran for president in the 1824 election against John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, and General Andrew Jackson. Adams won with a 'corrupt bargain' which swung Kentucky's votes in his favor.
November 12, 2010 Photo Retrieved from: http://www.kb.nl/coop/geheugen/extra/tentoonstellingen/atlanticworld4/sully-john-quincy-adams.jpg -
Lowell Factory, Massachusetts
The Lowell Factory was founded by Francis Cabot Lowell. It was unique in the fact that it targeted young, unmarried women as employees becuase they were paid half the wages of men. Textile factories were one of the main industries in the North, specifically Massachusetts.
November 5th, 2010
Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lowell_Offering_1.jpg -
Election on 1828
In 1828, Andrew Jackson was elected to his first term as President of the United States.
November 16, 2010. Photo retrieved from: http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg -
B&O Railroad
In Baltimore, Maryland, 1828, the first railroad was contructed in the US. Known as the B&O Railroad, or Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, it provided transportation of passengers and goods at a speed faster than any other mode of transportation at the time.
October 30, 2010
Photo retrieved from: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g3701p.rr003390 -
Jackson Rejects Congress Bill
Andrew Jackson did not beleive in a strong national government. In 1830 he rejected a bill that would build a road in Kentucky because he beleived that it was a state matter, not one belonging to the federal government. -
Manifest Destiny!
When the 1830's rolled around, Americans had a dream. Deemed 'manifest destiny' by a journalist, there was a sense that the nation should grow to stretch from sea to sea ( the Atlantic ocean to the Pacific ocean). This would be acheived when the United States acquired California.
December 11, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b49232/ -
Indian Removal Act
Andrew Jackson supported the Indian Removal Act in 1830, dealing with the removal of the 5 Civilized Tribes from regions within the states. The removal was said to be voluntary, but there was no real choice in the matter.
November 16, 2010. Photo retreived from: http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3g03156/ -
The Liberator
In 1831 William Lloyd Garrison published the first issue of The Liberator, an anti-slavery newspaper.
November 23, 2010. Photo retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1831_Liberator.jpg -
1832 Election
In 1832 Andrew Jackson was elected to his second term as President of the United States. He risked votes in the election when he vetoed a bill that would make a new charter to the Bank of the United States.
November 16, 2010. Photo retreived from: http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018.jpg -
Bank of the United States Charter
Andrew Jackson opposed the Bank of the United states, whose charter would expire in 1836. In 1832, an election year, Jackson vetoed the bill that would issue a new charter. However, the bank still received the charter when Congress used its power to issue it.
November 16, 2010. Photo retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1832bank1.jpg -
Worcester vs. Georgia
Samuel Austin Worcester continued to fight for the Cherokee's rights in the court case Worcester vs. Georgia. However, Cheif Justice John Marshall of the Supreme Court ruled that it was not in the state's rights to deal with issues concering the tribe's land. However, the state refused to accept the ruling. -
Cherokee receive assistance from Samuel Austin Worcester
Samuel Austin Worcester became a key person in the matter of the Cherokee's rights. At the time the Cherokee were trying to keep the rights to their land. Worcester helped them to make a printing office for their newspaper. -
The Force Bill
Prior to the force bill, South Carolina opposed tariffs that favored the northern areas over the southern due to manufacturing, and refused to acknowledge them. SC threatened to secceed if this was not respected. The force bill called for the use of force to collect the tariff if SC refused. -
American Ani-Slavery Society
The American Anti-Slavery Society was founded by William Lloyd Garrison in 1833. The group distributed literature on their emancipation views throughout the northern region of the U.S.
November 23, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.rbc.as.113990/default.html -
The Gag Rule
The gag rule was passed by the House of Representatives in 1836. It kept any petitions dealing with anti-slavery from entering the House of Representatives for 8 years. -
Texas Gains Independence from Mexico
In 1836 Texas gained its independence from Mexico, and soon afterwards voted to be annexed with the United States. -
Panic of 1837
As a result of poor management of government funds in the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the Panic of 1837 resulted early in the year after Jackson left office. The panic led to a depression, and also affected the popularity of President Van Buren, who was elected after Jackson.
November 16, 2010. Photo retrieved from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ANTI-VB1840.JPG -
Texas Propses to be Annexed
In 1837 Texas proposed to be annexed with the United States. However, President Martin Van Buren declined. His reasoning was based on several reasons. First of all, Texas would shift the balance between slave states and free states, disrupting the slavery issue. Also, the annexation could cause war with Mexico, from whom Texas had recently gained independence. -
Trail of Tears
In 1838 the United States army used force to uphold the Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Worcester vs. Georgia. They moved around 15,000 Cherokee to Oklahoma. This was a 116 day journey that included the months of winter.
November 16, 2010. Photo retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Trail_of_tears_sign.jpg -
Immigrants and Employment
Over time, discrimination began to rise against immigrants as they began to gain jobs. In the 1840's New England Mills had mainly employed women. However, they were replaced by Irish men, who would work for lower wages, and they also could work faster.
December 2, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:McConnel_%26_Company_mills,_about_1820.jpg -
Dorothea Dix and Prison Reform
Dorothea Dix visited prisons in Massachusetts and created a report on what she found. Because of a lack of planning and funds, the prisons became a place not only for criminals, but also for the mentally ill and poor. All were together without seperation. Her report led to the building of mental hospitals.
November 23, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3a10000/3a12000/3a12200/3a12244r.jpg -
American Republican Party
In June of 1843 the American Republican Party was formed to create a new naturalization law. The law would require that for 21 years an immigrant must live and work in the U.S. before applying for citizenship. -
Irish Catholics Against American Republican Party
Irish Catholics attacked the American Republican Party while voting in Irish districts in Philadelphia. As a result, there were riots that caused Irish homes and churches to be burned. -
The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass
In 1845 the Life and Times of Frederick Douglass was published. It was the autobiography of Frederick Douglass.
November 23, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Frederick_Douglass_portrait.jpg -
Methodist Episcopal Church
Some Southern churches broke off and formed the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1845. This church supported slavery.
December 2, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Wesley_clipped.png -
Irish Potato Famine
The Irish Potato Famine began in 1845. On November 19th, 1845, the Mansion House Committee in Dublin declared that over 1/3 of the crop was destroyed. As a resuly, thousands of Irish immigrated to the United States. Many settled in Boston and New York.
December 2, 2010. Photo Retrieved From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Irish_potato_famine_Bridget_O'Donnel.jpg -
Texas joins United States
On December 29th, 1845, Texas was officially annexed into the United States. In doing so, the U.S. was ignoring a threat from Santa Anna in 1843 that if Texas was annexed, there would be war. -
Mexican War Begins
After sending John Slidell to Mexico City in November of 1845 to maintain peace with Mexico and offer to by New Mexico and California, and being refused, President Polk officially went to war on May 13, 1846. Thus, the Mexican War began.
December 11, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Battle_of_Veracruz.jpg -
Oregon Treaty
In 1846, due to mass increases of population in the Oregon area, Great Britian and the United States renegotiated the treaty signed at the Convention of 1818. The Oregon Treaty created a permanent boundary between the United States and British North America. -
Wilmont Proviso
In 1846 David Wilmont attached a proviso to a bill in order to attempt to solve the current issue with slavery. The proviso proposed that in no territory acquired from Mexico could slavery be permitted. However, the proviso was not accepted.
December 11, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: Carl Schurz, Life of Henry Clay, Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1899, Vol. 2, facing p. 286 -
German Immigration to U.S.
In 1848 Germans began to immigrate to the U.S. This was a result of failed attempts of rebellion, causing political unrest, in Germany.
Photo Retrieved From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:German_population_1872.jpg -
California Gold Rush
On January 24th, 1848, a carpenter in California found gold. As soon as word got out, the California Gold Rush began, and people began to migrate to California from all directions.
December 11, 2010. Photo Retrieved from : http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b08488 -
Seneca Falls Convention
In 1848 the first women's rights convention was held in the United States.. The Seneca Falls Convention was held in New York.
November 23, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://www.wwhp.org/Resources/Biographies/elizabethcadystanton.html -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
After defeating Santa Anna in the Battle of Buena Vista, the United States forced the Mexcian Government to sign the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The treaty made Mexico give up Texas, and concede New Mexico and California. The United States agreed to pay all American claims against Mexico, and to pay Mexico $15 million for the conceded states. The treaty ended the Mexican War.
December 11, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mexico_nebel.jpg -
Irish Potato Famine Ends
Around 1849 the Irish Potato Famine, which led to a surge of Irish immigration to the United States, ended.
Dec. 2, 2010. Photot Retreived from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Skibbereen_1847_by_James_Mahony.JPG -
German Immigrants Bring New Sports to US
As the German immigration wave came to the United States in the 1850's, beginning in 1848, they brought with them many sports. These included baseball, boxing, and horse racing. Many people blamed these for the rise in crom, gambling, and alcohol consumption. -
The Temperance Movement
As a result of the Temperance Movement, or the elimination of alcohol consumption, Maine was the first state to ban alcohol sales and manufacturing. Other states soon followed. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom's Cabin in 1852, which played a key role in the fight against slavery.
November 23, 2010. Photo Retrieved from: http://muarchives.missouri.edu/images/exh_libraries/LE-SpecUncleTomsCabinLarge300res.JPG -
Gadsden Purchase
In 1853 the United States bought the southern parts of Arizona and New Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase. This further tilted the issue of slavery. -
Slaves Make Up Over Half Pop. In Southern States
By 1860, slaves made up over half of the population in some southern states.
