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Steam engine
Watt's first efficient steam engine was made public -
Post office boom
Post offices increased from 75 to over 8,000, which made for a more unified nation. this happened between 1790 and 1830. -
First textile mill
Samuel Slater and his partners built the first successful textile mill in the US, and the textile industry took leaps and bounds forward from there. -
Cotton gin
Eli Whitney develops his cotton gin, a device used to seperate the seed from the raw cotton fibers. This even caused a revolution in industrial farming. -
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Steamboat invention
Robert Fulton used jame Watts steam engine concept to power a ship. (The Clermont) -
first centralized textile mill
www.flickr.com
The first totally centralized textile mill was created in Waltham, Massachusetts by Francis cabot Lowell. -
Temperance Movement
This movement made efforts to do away with alcohol consumption and production.
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American colonization society.
The American Colonization Society (ACS) was a society was formed to assist the founding of Liberia, a colony on the west side of Africa.The society transported freed slaves from the US to Liberia.The ACS was supported by many southern states that were fearful of an uprising of African Americans.
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Rush-Bagot agreement
Reduction of warships. Great Britian and the US agreed to extend the border west from the great lakes to the rocky mountains. -
Convention of 1818
signed in 1818 between the US and Great Britain, it temporarily resolved the boundary issue between the two nations and allowed for the joint occupation of Oregon.
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Missouri Compromise
An agreement that called for the admission of Missorri as a slave state, and maint to be admitted as a free state. Additionally, the resolution called for the outlawing of slavery in future states north of the 36 degree, 30 mins north latitude.
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Veseys Revolt
www.flickr.com
Denmark Vesey was a slave who had bought his freedom, but he became angry with the treatment of of his peopleand planned to overtake charleston, SC, but his plan ended in the execution of 35 slaves, including himself. -
Monroe doctrine
James Monroe declared this doctrine about foriegn policies, having to do with newly liberated nations and how to deal with them. -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
decided upon that it was the responsiblity of the federal government to maintain interstate business. (This issue came up when a lawsuit over a steamboat route came up between two men, Gibbons and Ogden) -
Election of 1824
John quincy adams, john c calhoun, henry clay, and andrew jackson ran in this election. Although Jackson did have the popular vote, the election was turned over to the house of represenatives and John quincy adams won the election. -
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Agency created in 1824, that eventually fell under the Jurisdiction of the department of interior. The Bureau was responsible for education as well as other services to the native Americans.
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Tariff of 1828
the Tariff of 1828 called for a very heavy tax on imported items. this tax seemed to favor the northern regions,since they were made up of mostly manufacturing companies, while it seemed to penelize the southern regions of the state. image retrieved on Nov.9th 2010, from:
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Jackson elected
Former military general and plantation owner Andrew Jackson, was elected president this year. Image retrieved on Nov.9th, 2010 from:
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spoils system
Jackson implemented his own system of patronage refered to as the "spoils system". The spoils system consisted of giving appointed positions as rewards to incumbent party members during an election year.
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Indian Removal act
Jackson endorsed this act, moving tribes such as the Cherokees and seminoles out of Georgia, claiming that their leave was volentarial, but in retrospect, they really had no choice.Georgia had much sought after land so this act was very much supported by the majority of southern states. -
Mormonism created
Joseph smith founded the mormon faith in 1830, in NY. But was later killed by an angry mob of disbelievers along with his brother. Image retrieved from:
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"The Liberator" published
The liberator was an anti slavery newspaper founded by William Lloyd Garrison.
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cholera epidemic
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Because cities were growing so rapidly, they lacked proper planning, which resulted in sanitation issues, causing a massive outbreak of an intestinal disease called cholera, which was contracted through contaminated water. This epidemic took only two years to kill thousands of Americans. -
Worcester vs.Georgia
The Cherokee people's had little if any rights, and their land was being rapidly confiscated. they appealed to America about this issue , hoping to win some sympathy, but to no avail. Finally they resorted to the help of Samuel Worcester, a missionary from vermont who served as an advocate of the Cherokee peoples rights. Worcester earned national attention in 1832 when he filed an additional suit in favor of the Cherokee people: Worcester vs. Georgia.
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compromise tariff
The same day that Jackson issued the force bill,Henry Clay of Kentucky issued the compromise Tariff, settling down the state and federal government. -
The Force bill
South Caroline proclaimed they would not recognize any exsisting or future tariffs, that they were sick of the new taxes. Jackson responded to this with the force Bill of 1833. This Bill did exactly what it implies, that force would be used againts south Carolina if taxes were not properly payed.
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Labor Unions
www.flickr.com
Labor unions were groups of workers who worked to protect their interests and rights. -
Gag rule
Passed by the US house of represenatives. This rule declared that no petitions regarding slavery would be read or acknowledged for the next eight years.
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Panic of 1837
Due to the mismanagement of government funds that centered around the dissolution of the National Bank, the panic of 1837 resulted,falling into the lap of Martin Van Buren, Jacksons successor.
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election of 1837
President Martin Van Buren was elected and served until 1841.
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Trail of tears
Jackson was a very forceful man, and in 1839 the US army gathered over 15,000 cherokees and lead them on what is now known as "the trail of tears" to their future home, Oklahoma. This trip was a horrible ordeal for all involved, considering that it was made in the dead of winter, and they were not properly supplied with food and other supplies.
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Discrimination
Discrimination based on sex, race, or nationality was high during the mid 1800's.
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William Henry Harrison
William Henry Harrison was elected in 1841, but died after serving for just one short month. His role was replaced by the 10th president of the US, John Tyler.
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Prison reform
Dorthea Dix was a teacher who had witnessed first hand how bad the conditions were in our prisons. All prisoners were hunked together, no matter what crime they had commited, what age they were, or medical conditions they had. Dorthea Dix saw the problems that came with this and in 1841 she filed a report for the state legislator about the situation. Mental hosptials were formed for those clinically insane shortly after.
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Lydia child
Lydia Child was the editor for the National Anti-slavery standard in 1841.
Image retrieved from:
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American Republic party
This group formed in NY, their focus was againts immigrant voters as well as those seeking office.
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Riots
The efforts againts the immigrants that the American republic party were making started making the Irish upset. They attacked the American Republic party in Philidelphia, but it backfired and resulted in the burning of many immigrants homes and churches.
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American Republican party try to pass law
the American Republican party tried to pass a law that required immigrants to wait 21 years to even APPLY for US citizenship. this angered the Irish, which resultedin riots.
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Immigration surge
the US quickly became populated with immigrants from Ireland and Europe for various reasons. One being that the US offered promising job oppurtunities and a hope for a future. Immigrants could find work fairly easily because factories realized that they could take advantage of cheap labor.
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Telegraph invented
Samuel F morse invented the telegraph in 1844.
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"Life and Times of Fredrick Bailey" Published
Fredrick Augustus W.Bailey was born into slavery but escaped on a boat disguised as a sailor. in 1841 he spoke at an anti slavery convention. following his speech, in 1845 the book "Life and times of Fredrick Bailey" was published.
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Irish Potatoe famine
Ireland suffered from a famine that caused a mass influx of immigrants into the United States.
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Seperation of churches in the North and South
the south supported Slavery, even a large number of church clergy owned slaves and saw no reason to outlaw owning your own slave. The North on the other hand, was made up of mostly anti-slavery people. This was a very controversial subject and cause the North and the South churches to seperate.
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Catholic Belief
Along with the Irish that immigrated during this period, came an up in Catholic beliefs. Americans first viewed these new customs strange and unnatural.
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New things introduced by immigrants
The Immigrants brought many new customes into America. such as Baseball, boxing, horse racing and gambling. Many Americans blamed these new customes for a rise of gambling and crime.
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The Oregon Treaty
Signed by both Britain and the US, this document put an end to the boundary dispute regarding the territory of Oregon.
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Mexican-American war starts
A series of battles start up between the US and Mexic.
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Seneca falls convention
This was the first major womens rights even. It took place in New york, and was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, the wife of a wealthy lawyer.
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California Gold Rush!
Man found gold in California, word spread and people flocked to california to try their luck at gold.
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Boomtowns to gohst towns
Due to the mass migrations happening during the gold rush in California, new towns were set up and populated rapidly, but soon after many towns were abandoned due to little or no economic activity.
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Department of Interior
A cabinet department of the US government that manages and conserves mostly federally owned land.
Image retrieved from:
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Zachary Taylor
Elected as our 12th president in 1849, but died suddenly in 1850.
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Compromise of 1850
Agreement that served as a resolutoin regarding the expansion of slavery into western territories.
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Millard Fillmore
13th president of US, he took over after the sudden death of Zachary Taylor. He also passed the compromise of 1850.
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Fugitive slave act
This act was part of the compromise of 1850, and it called fro all citizens of the US to assist in the return of escaped slaves to their owners.
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Maine declared dry.
Following the temperance movement, Main became the first state to place a ban on sales and production of alcohol. Many other states followed in their footsteps shortly after.
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Uncle Tom's cabin published.
In 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the novel "uncle Toms cabin"
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
Book published in 1852, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, discussing the oppression of slavery.
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Franklin Pierce
Franklin Pierce was elected president of the US in 1852.
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Gadsen Purchase
Purchase made by the US in 1853 of SW lands from Mexico. Negotiated by James Gadsen, and signed by President Franklin Pierce.
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kansan-Nebraskan act
Law passed in 1854 that called for citizens in each territory to make their own decision regarding the issue of slavery.
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Canibals! All.
Book written by George Fitzhughs, published in 1857 . Depicted northerners engaged in business and industry, as being morally inept .
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