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Spanish Flu
What: virus which caused epidemic. Often caused patients to get and die from pneumonia.
Who: about 50 000 Canadians were killed.
Where: spread to countries around the world
When: struck with epidemic after soldiers returned from war
Why: no penicillin and sulpha drugs discovered; unable to treat virus.
How: virus brought overseas by soldiers. -
Prohibition
what: banning of production, import and transportation of liquor.
who: every provincial government except Quebec. Rule eventually spread across the country.
when: introduced by federal government in 1918.
where: at first, all provinces minus Quebec. It was later banned across the entire nation.
why: production of liquor did nothing to support war effort. Workers needed to produce necessary was supplies.
how: Womens' groups campaigned for ban on liquor. During war, campaign gained momentum. -
Period: to
Canadian History 1920s and 1930s
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Winnipeg General Strike
what: almost all industries and key services shut down.
who: city split into 2: strikers with families and supporters vs owners, employers and leading citizens.
where: Winnipeg (workers in Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal showed support by going on sympathy strikes).
why: immigrant workers settled in city; wanted to improve working and living conditions. Building and Metal Trades Councils wanted: decent wages, 8-hour work days, right to bargain collectively.
how: strike spread between industries. -
League Of Indians
what: United voice for Aboriginal Nations to fight for their rights.
who: organized by Frederick Loft, Mohawk veteran from war.
when: organized in 1919.
why: after the war, government wanted to pass a law ensuring that Aboriginal veterans could only have the right to vote if they give up their Aboriginal status.
how: Edward Ahenakew helped extend League into western Canada. League worked for more financial aid, better health/education programs, control over reserve lands, right to hunt, fish etc -
Prime Minister Mackenzie King (Liberal Party)
-William Lyon Mackenzie was destined to be the most successful political leader of his age. He remained Prime Minister for most of the 1920s and for almost 30 years until his death in 1950, he dominated the Liberal Party and political life in Canada.
-He was cautious and careful and seemed to possess few qualities that would attract large numbers of voters.
-He would listen to and take into consideration what various regions of Canada wanted. -
The Group of Seven
What: Canadian group of atrists.
Who: group consisted of- Lawren Harris, Franklin Carmichael, Frank Johnston, Arthur Lismer, Fred Varley, A.Y Jackson and J.E.H MacDonald.
When: group was formed in October of 1920.
How: determined to create art that dealt with Canadian experience. Inspiration from Canadian landscape. Bright strong colours to portray forces of nature. -
Insulin
What: treatment for diabetes.
Who: discovered by Ontario doctor, Frederick Banting, with the help of J.B Collip.
Where: discovered at University of Toronto
When: treatment discovered in 1922. Insulin was made available to treat diabetes by late 1922
Why: Diabetes patients unable to absorb sugar and starch from bloodsteam; missing important hormone called insulin.
How: Banting collected insulin from dogs. When tested on humans, the results were astounding. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
what: act which banned immigration of all Chinese except students, merchants and diplomats.
who: only 8 Chinese people were admitted into Canada. To Chinese Canadians, July 1 1923 is known as 'Humiliation Day.'
when: act was passed on July 1st 1923 and lasted until 1947.
why: a large portion of Canada's population and governments did not want more non-British immigrants in the country. -
Royal Canadian Air Force
what: airforce of Canada concerned mostly of military flight training and civil operations,
who: Canadian Air Force attached to Royal Air Force in England.
when: 1924 > renamed Royal Canadian Air Force (lasted until 1968)
why: served as Canada's air defense during wars.
how: focus changed to one of a military nature. -
Person's Case
what: underlined the inequality women faced.
who: First woman judge in the British Empire, Emily Murphy; and her supporters, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney, Henrietta Edwards and Irene Parlby, were nicknamed the "Famous Five."
when: July 1928 > women = persons
why: Women were not considered "persons" in the eyes of the law and were unable to qualify for appointment to senate.
how: case appealed to Privy Council in Britain; council eventually agreed with Famous Five -
Black Tuesday
What: one of the most dramatic events to cause the depression to occur; stock markets crashed.
Who: many Canadians played the stock market in hope of instantly gaining money. Large amounts of money lost from those who invested in the stock market.
When: October 1929.
Where: most of North America.
Why: value of stocks began to drop and people began to panick.
How: Out of panick, people began to sell their stocks to get out of the market. The prices then fell even lower as more stocks were dumped -
Prime Minister: R.B Bennett (Conservative Party)
- Richard Bedford Bennett served as the 11th Prime Minister of Canada and replaced Prime Minister Mckenzie King.
- was in office from August 7th, 1930 to October 23rd 1935; worst of the great depression.
- accused King of ignoring problems caused by stock market crash.
- transferred money to provinces for relief payments.
- iincreasing trade within British Empire and ntroduced highest tariff in Canadian History to protect Canadian businesses from foreign competition.
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Foster Hewitt And Hockey Night In Canada
what: first broadcast of hockey game over the radio.
who: Foster Hewitt.
where: first broadcasted game; sat in glass booth at rink level to keep out noise of crowd. When he broadcast his first Hockey night in Canada (HNIC) game, he was perched up high over rink in Maple Leaf Gardens in gondola.
when: called first hockey game in 1923. Broadcast of first HNIC game was in 1931.
why: those in sports department had no radio experience.
how: described game over telephone connected to radio station. -
Statute of Westminster
what: statute made recommendations of Balfour Report law; Canada made self-governing, no laws rather than its own,
who: Britain could no longer make laws for Canada.
when: statute passed on December 11 1931
why: Canada could become an independent nation, no longer under Britain's laws.
How: Canada would gain full power over its laws once Canadians agreed on powers to be held by provincial and federal governments. -
CBC, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
what: Canadian radio station
who: national, government company owned and operated all radio stations in country.
when: CRBC created by government in 1933. In 1936, commission became CBC.
where: more stations built across country to improve quality and coverage of Canadian broadcasting.
why: Canadian airways filled with American radio shows. Places unable to recieve benefits of radio (Canada's radio stations in urban centres)
how: national, government-owned company to own and operate all stations
