Konrad Zuse built the first working program-controlled computers
Konrad Zuse built the first working program-controlled computers
Arturo Rosenblueth, Norbert Wiener and Julian Bigelow coin the term "cybernetics". Wiener's popular book by that name published in 1948.
Alan Turing proposes the Turing Test as a measure of machine intelligence.
The name artificial intelligence is used for the first time as the topic of the second Dartmouth Conference, organized by John McCarthy
John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky founded the MIT AI Lab.
First industrial robot company, Unimation, founded.
Edward Feigenbaum initiated Dendral, a ten-year effort to develop software to deduce the molecular structure of organic compounds using scientific instrument data. It was the first expert system.
Yorick Wilks (Stanford) developed the semantic coherence view of language called Preference Semantics, embodied in the first semantics-driven machine translation program, and the basis of many PhD dissertations since such as Bran Boguraev and David Carte
Bill Woods described Augmented Transition Networks (ATN's) as a representation for natural language understanding.
The Stanford Cart, built by Hans Moravec, becomes the first computer-controlled, autonomous vehicle when it successfully traverses a chair-filled room and circumnavigates the Stanford AI Lab.
Lisp machines developed and marketed. First expert system shells and commercial applications.
James F. Allen invents the Interval Calculus, the first widely used formalization of temporal events
Dean Pomerleau at CMU creates ALVINN (An Autonomous Land Vehicle in a Neural Network).
Ian Horswill extended behavior-based robotics by creating Polly, the first robot to navigate using vision and operate at animal-like speeds (1 meter/second).
First official RoboCup football (soccer) match featuring table-top matches with 40 teams of interacting robots and over 5000 spectators.
Sony introduces an improved domestic robot similar to a Furby, the AIBO becomes one of the first artificially intelligent "pets" that is also autonomous.
Interactive robopets ("smart toys") become commercially available, realizing the vision of the 18th century novelty toy makers.
The Nomad robot explores remote regions of Antarctica looking for meteorite samples.
DARPA introduces the DARPA Grand Challenge requiring competitors to produce autonomous vehicles for prize money.
Checkers is solved by a team of researchers at the University of Alberta.