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Great Depression
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Stock Market Crash
During the Stock Market of 1929, stockers traded in shares until billions of dollars were lost. It underwent a decline and sustained only when the stock prices kept increasing. This became a downturn for many and caused was the start of the Great Depression. -
The Dust Bowl
The start of the first out of four major drought episode known as the Dust Bowl. It's effect included insufficient rainfall, high temperatures/winds and dust storms. Its contribution also affected the Great Depression's bank closures, business failures, and unemployment. In addition, people migrated to the west in search of work. -
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
Enacted to protect U.S. farmers from foreign competitors. The initial focus was to protect those who were struggling. This act increased tariffs on imports by 20%. Prior to signing it, many urged President Hoover to dismiss it. -
Civil Works Administration
A federal program whom provided jobs for many needy Americans. The demand of jobs exceeded and included roughly many projects from around the country. It reluctantly improved the image of providing temporary work. -
New Deal
The New Deal was set to promote economic recovery, relief for the needy and financial reforms. A series of programs and projects were created to restore the ease of many. Roosevelt made sure the economy could be stabilized, people had jobs and reassurance to those who were suffering. The New Deal fundamentally had a major role in the economy. -
Potsdam Conference
In the Potsdam Conference the big three - Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill, and Harry Truman met in Potsdam, Germany to discuss the terms that will be met for the end of WWII. The decisions were that the Americans, British, French and Soviet would occupy Germany. The industry for military purposes would officially be taken apart. -
The Election of 1932
This presidential election was known as a dramatic shift towards the political image in the country. The citizens had to choose between Hoover whom had policies that were unsuccessful or Roosevelt who was alleged to escalate the problem. Roosevelt promised he citizens that he would use his power to aid towards many and recover the economic problems. -
The First Hundred Days
When Roosevelt took office, the Congress passed into law every request from him. Roosevelt believed that recovering from the Great Depression would be entirely impossible without government action. With the government involved, jobs, relief payments, and financial reforms were issued. Overall, Roosevelt established different types of measures to improve citizens lifestyle. -
Gold Reserve Act
The Gold Reserve Act involved the climax of Roosevelt's arguable gold program. It required for all gold to be detained by the Federal Reserve and entrusted to be given to the US Treasury. Roosevelt aimed to help and improve the U.S. economy. The government was allowed to raise the price of the gold and be in control of every dollar. -
Second New Deal
The Second New Deal included the Social Security Act, the Works Progress Administration and the Wagner Act. The Social Security Act was created to continue paying retired workers. The Works Progress Administration employed both skilled and unskilled workers to construct public work projects. Finally, the Wagner Act gave employees the right to form and join unions. -
Works Progress Administration
The Works Progress Administration was an infrastructure program that Roosevelt created. The program provided unemployed citizens a variety of jobs. It employed both skilled and unskilled workers who were in need of a job. It created and funded projects. WPA provided over 3 million jobs. -
The Election of 1936
The Election of 1936 was a landslide victory for Roosevelt. He won both the popular and electoral vote. Once he got elected, unemployment had decreased and many were working in the New Deal programs. Reluctantly, this election allowed Roosevelt to continue his policies. Overall Roosevelt had an advantage with the chance of improving everything even after his New Deal. -
Pearl Harbor Attack
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise attack on the US naval base which led to many casualties. The attack destroyed Japanese aircrafts, US naval vessels and killed many men. This strike decreased the chances of relations between the US and Japan. -
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World War ll
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Food Rationing
The government wanted to begin rationing certain foods. The several factors involved supply, demand issues, and the economy. When the US joined the war, the demand for supplies rose. This was designed to ensure everyone received their fair share. Additionally, the war many resources which caused shortages in food, clothing, etc. -
Casablanca Conference
The Casablanca Conference was announced to focus on coordinating what type of strategy will be used to go against the Axis powers. Its purpose was to signify a statement for the surrender of German, Italian and Japanese militaries. The conference was for 10 days. -
Japanese Internment Camps
Japanese Americans were forced to be removed from their homes and were held until they moved into the larger relocation centers. Otherwise known as "relocation centers" the camps had four to five families with collections of their clothing and possessions. Most of the families lived in these camps for 3 or more years until the war ended. -
Bombing of Cologne
British launched a night raid on Cologne. The goal was to destroy the capability of Cologne to participate in the war. Even after this raid the Germans still continuously initiated raids. This allowed them to produce more war materials in the future. -
Battle of Midway
In the Battle of Midway the Japanese navy was planning to attack the US base but the US already had a plan to ambush them. This battle was the key to secure dominance in the Pacific. It lasted for five days and the United States took the victory. They were able to win because they had the ability strike much stronger forces against the Allied forces. -
Revenue Act of 1942
The Revenue Act of 1942 proposed the Victory Tax which was a 5% income tax established by the Revenue Act. Substantially it expanded the amount of income taxes people had to pay. The taxes went from 3.9 million to 42.6 million. These taxes were responsible to pay half of what the WW2 cost them and the other half was payed with the war bonds. -
Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the major battles in World War II. This battle was known as being a turning point since more civilians died compared to the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombing. Hitler's goal was to eliminate the Soviet forces in the South in order to capture Stalingrad. German forces led a strong attack but by using a strategic way to surround them Soviet forces made them surrender. -
D-Day
The D-Day operation was known as being the largest invasion in military history. Before D-Day, the allies depicted a plan where they were intent to trick the Germans by making them believe specific locations would be the main targets in the operations. The invasion was a significant victory for the allies. -
Battle of Leyte Gulf
The Battle of Leyte Gulf is known as the largest naval battle in history. It ultimately knocked the Japanese navy out. The battle also destroyed the Japanese Fleet, permitted the invasion for the Philippines and reinforced the Allies control over the Pacific. At the end of the attack Japanese ended up retreating. -
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
In the Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki the United States planted two bombs over the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The bombings ended up killing many people. Because of these bombings many of the survivors faced with different types of side effects.