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4000 BCE
The sailboat
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3400 BCE
The nail
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1500 BCE
Alphabetization
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400 BCE
The abacus
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260 BCE
The lever
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250 BCE
Archimedes’ screw
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105
Paper
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618
Paper money
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900
Gunpowder
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1100
The compass
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1248
Optical lenses
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1300
The mechanized clock
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1436
The Printing Press
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1582
The Gregorian calendar
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The steam engine
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The sextant
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Machine clock
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The cotton gin
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Vaccination
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Scientific plant breeding
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Cement
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Photography
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The combine harvester
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The telegraph
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The moldboard plow
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Anesthesia
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Refrigeration
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Sanitation systems
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Industrial steelmaking
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Oil refining
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Oil drilling
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The internal combustion engine
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Pasteurization
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The telephone
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Electric light bulb
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The steam turbine
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The automobile
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Radio
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Air-conditioning
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The airplane
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The assembly line
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Nitrogen fixation
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Rocketry
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Television
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Penicillin
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Nuclear fission
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Semiconductor transistor
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The pill
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The Internet
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The green revolution
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The personal computer