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The formation of an independent Italy
Italy was still being controlled by the liberal and the catholic church. There were many political movements that gave power to Benito Mussolini. For example, the Risorgimento movement became a political and social movement where many of the divisions in Italy had led fascists and socialists to rise. This was the beginning of their independence. The photo: this is an image of the flag of the Kingdom of Sardinia which was declared the flag of the newly formed Kingdom of Italy. -
Papal status taken over by new nation of Italy
the Papal States were incorporated with the Kingdom of Italy. the new nation of Italy takes territories surrounding the Italian borders including the catholic controlled areas near Rome. This caused Catholic Hostility to arise foreshadowing the social and political conflicts soon to come. This image shows the states that were incorporated with Italy. -
Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa)
Italy attempted to invade the provinces of Abyssinia- Eritrea, and Tigre but, after military conflicts. Bu Italy was ultimately defeated in the Battle of Adowa against Ethiopia. This image shows the Italian shoulder going to fight. -
Italy invades and takes over Libya
Italy needed to regain its reputation, expand territory, and legitimize its citizens. Italy invaded Libya as an attempt to expand the Italian empire and stop the french from gaining colonies. This was to compete with the French's influence in Africa. They won the battle in 1912 when Libya was then taken over by the Italians. This helped with the recovery from the defeat in the Adowa conflict. this Image shows the soldiers in the invasion for Libya. -
Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti
Mussolini was removed as an editor from the socialist newspaper because he had publicly opposed the socialist’s policies to remain neutral. Mussolini had also set up the Il Popolo d'Italia to promote war. After this, he soon started his own newspaper to promote his views. I chose this image because it shows Mussolini participating in the socialist press. -
Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WW I
Benito Mussolini was expelled from the socialist newspaper because he had publicly opposed the socialist’s policies about the Italian government. Mussolini had also set up the Il Popolo d'Italia to help promote war. After this, he soon started his own newspaper to promote his views. I chose this image because it shows Popolo promoting the war and Mussolini still active in the socialist press. -
Treaty of London
Before Italy had joined WWI, they had signed the Treaty of London with the triple entente specifically Great Britain. The treaty led to the fascists and national socialists push for demanding war involvement. The triple entente said that it was necessary to bring Italy into the war to overthrow the Central Powers. The allied forces France, Britain, Russia wanted neutral Italy to join the war because of its borders with Austria. this is relevant because it has the territory Italy was going to get -
Beginning of Biennio Rosso
During WWI, employment had risen because of the number of men working in the industries and farms and instead allowing the women to work in the jobs that men used to do. This led to the economy going down due to the numerous factory occupations, land stealing, trade unions, and peasant league, and a series of strikes and riots started by workers. Many of the people create social conflict. This Photo relates to the event because it shows the number of people joining the protests and the impacts. -
Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan
The Fascio di Combattimento were various political views came together in Milan to form this movement, hoping that nationalists and socialists would be able to unite. But instead, people used fear to make nationalists and socialist into fascism. They were later known as the blackshirts from the amount of terrorism. this photo is a symbol of the Fascio di Combattimento -
D’Annunzio takes Fiume
A man named Gabriele D'Annunzio and 2000 other Italians stormed Fiume and stay in it for about a year. After that most of them saw the rising of the fascist party and the men later returned back to Italy, they joined Mussolini in the PNF. this image shows how the people of Italy, taking the Fiume. -
Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti
The PNF was founded on November 9, 1921. Before Mussolini was a leader, Giovanni Giolitti was the leader of the Italian government. Mussolini may now have political power in the parliament, but Giolitti saw the socialists as a threat and allowed Mussolini and fascists to run the election and take away seats from socialists. he would need to ensure that he would participate in the party. I chose this photo because its a photo of Giovanni Giolitti. -
Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader
when Giovanni Giolitti leading the Italian government, he took measures of action against the outbreaks of proletarian revolt. while Mussolini began seeking the legitimization in Italy but did not win seats. Giolitti made an electoral coalition with Mussolini to hold the national elections in hopes of crushing the socialists. this followed the Acerbo law which would ensure more seats for the fascist party. I chose this picture because it was their symbol which was similar to the Fascio di. -
March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister
On October 27, 1922, Mussolini got the chance to become prime minister from the king after the growing recognition of the PNF in the 1921 elections. This was in reaction to a political march in Rome that should have taken place. Mussolini leads the way on the march to Rome. He was going to rise to power for Italy. I chose this photo because it shows all the people that are participating in the march. -
Corfu Incident
Italy was in the midst of a military and a diplomatic crisis with Greece. so to boost nationalism for an emerging leader. Italians were murdered in Greece, so Mussolini decided to fight them to show the strength of the Italian state. he sent the arm forces to terrorize and show that Italy would not stand for greek action. I chose this photo because it shows the soldiers going to fight in Greece. -
Acerbo Law passed
In November 23, 1923, the Acerbo Law was passed, it was made by Baron Acebo. the game of 2/3 of the seats in Parliament to the most common party. it was made in the hope to give the fascist party more seats in the parliamentary. This was a device used by Mussolini to give him more political power theoretically and legally. I chose this photo because it shows the fascists talking about the control of government. -
Matteotti Crisis
Giacomo Matteotti, a Socialist opposition deputy, and a political leader spoke out against Mussolini, which led to the assassination by fascist thugs. Mussolini too responsible for on behalf of the fascist party and received a great deal of criticism and was known for "taking it too far". This caused him to betray his own secret police and to blame them for the crime in public. Also, he mocked the people who called for his overthrow. I chose this photo because it shows the man who died. -
Aventine Secession
The Aventine Secession was the withdrawal of the parliament opposition, mainly composed of 150 Italian deputies from the Socialist Party, Italian Liberal Party, Italian Popular Party, and Italian Communist Party. The Italian Chamber of Deputies in 1924–25, following the murder of the deputy Giacomo Matteotti by fascists which also led to his death from fascist thugs. I chose this photo because it shows how the people felt after the death of Mattotti and 150 socialists leaving. -
Battle for Grain
The Battle for Grain was economic policy, for the farmer to grow a lot of grain. Undertaken by the Fascists in Italy during the 1920s as a move toward autarky. But Italy fell short on other resources and had a failed attempt at becoming self-sufficient. I chose this image because he was one of the people that put in the economic policy. -
Locarno Treaty signed
The Locarno Treaties were seven agreements negotiated at Locarno, Switzerland, for peace between Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, and Italy. On October 16, 1925, they were formally signed in London on December 1. while it was intended to ease tension, Italy was upset with the unfulfilled promised for land. I chose this photo because it shows the men signing the treaty. -
Battle for Land and Battle for the Lira
The Battle For Land started in 1928 in Italy by Benito Mussolini, aimed to clear marshland and make it suitable for farming, as well as reclaiming land and reducing health risk and the Battle for the Lira was an economic policy undertaken by the Fascists in Italy during the 1920s as an attempt to raise the claims of Italy becoming a great power. I chose the photo because it shows the fascist attempting to raise claims. -
Battle for Births
The Battle for Births was one of four economic battles that took place in Fascist Italy, the others being the Battle for Grain, the Battle for the Lira, and the Battle for Land. The demographic campaign promoted fecunditá, especially within the working class, by increasing welfare benefits, legislating tax breaks, making available better. I chose this picture because it shows one of the men shows placed the policy. -
Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed
The Kellogg–Briand Pact is a 1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them". There were no mechanisms for enforcement. -
Lateran Treaty with Pope
The Lateran Treaty was one component agreement that made up the Lateran Pacts of 1929, the agreements made in 1929 between the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy See settling the "Roman Question". The treaty and associated pacts are named after the Lateran Palace, where they were signed on June 7, 1929. -
Abyssinian Crisis
Italy invaded Abyssinia. This was against the Kellogg-Briand treaty. Because of this, the League of Nations appointed economic penalties to Italy. -
Stresa Front
Stresa Front. European alliance. Stresa Front, a coalition of France, Britain, and Italy formed in April 1935 at Stresa, Italy, to oppose Adolf Hitler's announced intention to rearm Germany, which violated terms of the Treaty of Versailles. -
Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War
After becoming leader, Mussolini got in contact with Spain. Mussolini was hoping to increase Italy’s global reputation by providing aid in its civil war. -
Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed
Mussolini aligned Italy with Nazi Germany. He wanted to make laws that discriminate against Jews in some places in Italy. -
Munich Conference
At the conference, there was an agreement that allowed Germany to take over more territory in Czechoslovakia. They allowed this agreement to be passed to avoid another world war, hoping it would bring peace. -
Italy enters WW II on side of Germany
taly entered the war because they wanted to keep their status as a global power and gain territory in the Middle East and Africa. -
Italy invades Albania
Mussolini wanted to invade Albania to extend Italy’s power. They did this so that they could sustain their reputation as a great power. -
Mussolini brought down by coup during WWII
When the allies continued succeeding throughout the war, the Fascist Grand Council voted to remove Mussolini from power. I chose this photo because it shows Mussolini and Hitler together before Mussolini lost his power. -
Mussolini killed
after Mussolini was arrested, he was shot alongside his mistress by a communist group. then he was publicly executed. I chose this photo because it shows Mussolini being publicly executed.
