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Treaty of Westphalia
The visual accompaniment is of a map of Europe's states following the Treaty of Westphalia from Robert H. Labberton's "Historical Atlas". The Treaty of Westphalia followed the 30 Years' War was a continental religious conflict pitting Catholics against Protestants. The Treaty not only signified the end of the war, but founded the importance of state sovereignty -
Treaty of Utrecht
The 1713 Treaty of Utrecht is actually accompanied by a book that preceded the Treaty; Charles Davenant's "Essays upon the Balance of Power". The Treaty of Utrecht ended the Spanish War of Succession and the French's hegemonic pursuance under Louis XIV. Alliance proved to be too powerful and France's power would dwindle following this Treaty and Louis XIV's death two years later. -
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna, as seen by Jean Godefroy's 1819 etching, was a meeting that began in late 1814 and ended in the summer of 1815 with the major allied powers agreeing upon political and territorial organization of Europe for the future. It was a result Napoleon's defeat and was led by Austrian Chancellor, Clemens Prince von Matternich. -
Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference from 1884-1885 is one of the most important events regarding European colonialism. The states of Europe held a conference to agree on colonization, control and trade within Africa. The map provided shows how Africa was divided amongst European states with France, Great Britain, Belgium and Portugal with the most prominent holdings. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles, 1919, was a peace settlement following German defeat in World War I, which had Germany pay financially, territorially and militarily. The picture shows the allied leaders who ratified the Treaty and can be seen as those partly responsible for the inevitability of World War II because of the crisis it caused in Germany during the interwar period. -
Foundation of the United Nations
The United Nations is one of the most important international organizational agreements in not only European, but world history. The UN stands for human rights, peace and peacekeeping, international law and international security. The visual provided is at the Yalta Conference, which was a crucial meeting to solidify the creation of the United Nations featuring "the Big Three", Franklin Roosevelt, Jozef Stalin and Winston Churchill. On October, 24th of 1945, the UN would ratify their Charter.
