2019 Grace Ong ICS FoF

Australia - Aborigine's used oral tradition

7000 BCE

In Austria, the Aboriginal people used oral tradition through short songs at (https://www.britannica.com/topic/oral-tradition)

Mesopotamia - cuneiform was invented

3500 BCE

Cuneiform was invented by the ancient Sumerians around 3,500 BC. (https://wonderopolis.org/wonder/who-invented-cuneiform)

Egypt - Pharaoh Netjerkare

2184 BCE

He was a Pharaoh during Abraham's lifetime (https://www.ancient.eu/timeline/pharaoh/).

Ur of Chaldees - God makes a covenant with Abram

2100 BCE

This happened when Abram was in Ur of Chaldees. God promised that he would be the father of many nations (http://www.aboutbibleprophecy.com/e1.htm).

Sodom and Gomorrah - Sodom and Gomorrah are destroyed

2070 BCE

Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed in 2070 BC by the wrath of God because they sinned against God (https://www.neverthirsty.org/bible-qa/qa-archives/question/in-what-years-were-sodom-and-gomorrah-destroyed/).

Valley of Shaveh - God renews covenant with Abram

2000 BCE

God renews the covenant with Abram because Abram was getting impatient and losing hope (https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+14&version=NIV).

Mesopotamia to Nile River - the events of the Old Testament

Period: 2000 BCE to 400 BCE

The events of the Old Testament starting with Abraham started in 2000 BC and ended with Malachi & the prophets in 400 BC. (https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/oldtestament/context/)

Canaan - Ishmael was born

1947 BCE

Ishmael was born in 1947 BC (http://www.biblicalcalendarproof.com/Timeline/IshmaelBirth).

Mount Moriah - Abraham almost sacrificing Isaac

1910 BCE

In this story, God continued to advance His mission to reflect His glory because God used this event as a test to Abraham. This story is also a huge typology to Jesus dying on the cross for our sins. It foreshadowed how Jesus was going to be sent by His loving Father to die on the cross for our sins.
(https://bibleview.org/en/bible/genesis/isaac-birth/)

Jacob Typology part 1

1873 BCE

Jacob and his twin brother, Esau were born in 1873 BC. In Genesis 25:23 it says “Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples from within you will be separated; one people will be stronger than the other, and the older will serve the younger.” This shows that even before birth, Jacob was the chosen and beloved one, which connects to the NT because Jesus was the chosen one, God's beloved son, before everything.
(http://www.biblicalcalendarproof.com/Timeline/EsauJacobBirth)

Canaan - Jacob's life

Period: 1836 BCE to 1689 BCE

Jacob lived from 1836 BC till 1689 BC in Canaan (https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/jacob/).

Egypt - Joseph sold to slavery

1765 BCE

Joseph was sold into slavery by his brothers because they were jealous of him being the favorite son.(https://www.thoughtco.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356).

Egypt - Joseph works for Potiphar

Period: 1765 BCE to 1760 BCE

Joseph worked for Potiphar once he was sold into slavery and then was promoted as a household manager (https://goodshepardsundayclass.weebly.com/week-13.html).

Egypt - Joseph back in prison

Period: 1759 BCE to 1757 BCE

Joseph was thrown into prison by Potiphar by allegedly "liking" his wife for 5 years (https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/q27_joseph_how_long_in_prison/).

Egypt - Joseph becomes 2nd in command of Egpyt

1752 BCE

The Pharoah liked Joseph because he saved Egypt from the famine, making him second in command of Egypt (https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/philosophy-and-religion/biblical-proper-names-biographies/joseph).

Middle East - Genesis was written

1450 BCE

Genesis was written by Moses at 1450-1410 BC. (https://www.allaboutcreation.org/when-was-genesis-written-faq.htm) Chapter 1-11 are impossible to "date", but Abram is born around 2166 BC. The genre and literary style of Genesis are 2 historical narratives, a few passages of poetry, and some genealogy.
Themes and structure: creation, death, flood, covenant, providence. Chapter 1-11: creation, fall, flood, Babel. Chapter 12-50: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph.

Near East - the Hebrew alphabet was invented

1300 BCE

The Hebrew alphabet was invented by the Phoenicians at around 1300 BC. (https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/.premium-why-hebrew-should-be-called-jewish-1.5316745) They are known as Semitic scripts - Aleph Bet. It was pictographic and written from right to left. There was no punctuation/capitalization and there were different grammar rules. Also when the Scripture was first written, there were no verses in the Bible.

Babylon - Babylon destroyed by the Assyrians

1087 BCE

In 1087 BC, Babylon was destroyed by the Assyrians and rebuilt. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Middle_Eastern_history)

Ancient Roman Empire - the events of the Old Testament

Period: 4 BCE to 100

The events of the Old Testament starting with Jesus' birth started in 4 BC and ended with the death and persecution of the disciples in 100 AD. (https://www.compellingtruth.org/New-Testament-timeline.html)

Golgotha - Crucifixion of Jesus

30

Jesus was crucified at Golgotha, which means "place of the skull". (https://www.biblicalfoundations.org/when-was-jesus-born-and-when-did-he-die/)

Jacob Typology part 2

30

In John 8:42 it says, "Jesus said to them, 'If God were your Father, you would love me, for I have come here from God. I have not come on my own; God sent me.'" This shows that God sent Jesus to Earth to die for our sins and chose him to do so before everything. This connects to the OT because even before birth, Jacob was the chosen and beloved one.
(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_Jesus)

Antioch - Paul's first missionary journey

44

Paul started his first missionary journey in Antioch. (http://www.biblestudy.org/maps/pauls-first-journey-map.html)

Antioch - Paul's second missionary journey

49

Paul's second missionary journey started in Antioch during the lat summer season. (http://www.biblestudy.org/maps/apostle-paul-second-missionary-journey-map.html)

Antioch - Paul's third missionary journey

52

Paul's third missionary journey started in Antioch in the season of autumn. (http://www.biblestudy.org/maps/apostle-paul-third-missionary-journey-map.html)

Rome - Great Fire of Rome

64

A huge fire took place and burned down 2/3 of Rome. (https://www.fincher.org/History/WorldAD.shtml)

Penang, Malaysia - my Birthday

Jul 21, 2004

I was born.

California, Costa Rica, Hong Kong - Personal Reflection, a moment in your life

2008

Genesis 39:23 "The warden paid no attention to anything under Joseph’s care, because the Lord was with Joseph and gave him success in whatever he did." This applies to me because God has blessed my family, my dad especially. Since we left Malaysia in 2008, my dad has lost his job several times. But even though we went through hard times where he was jobless, he always ended up getting a new job that caused us to move, which was always a blessing. God has given my dad success in each job he's had

Hong Kong - I started school at ICS

2013

I started school (4th grade) in ICS in August, 2013.

Israel - How can we see God's covenant with Abraham being fulfilled today?

2019

There are 3 religions that are referred to as Abrahamic religions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In Genesis 17:4, it says, "'As for me, this is my covenant with you: You will be the father of many nations.'" This clearly is fulfilled today as three of the biggest religions in the world all believe in Abraham being the "father of their faith" essentially.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_religions)