19th Century Art and History

By artstuartc

  • Missouri Compromise

    Missouri is admitted as a slave state, and Maine as a free one, to maintain the balance between free/slave states. Also, except for Missouri, slavery is prohibited in territories of the Louisiana Purchased north of latitude 36 30.. (Ruled unconstitutional in 1823 by Dred Scott decision, and negated in 1854 by Kansas-Nebraska Act). See https://www.history.com/topics/abolotionist-movement/missouri-compromise

  • Indian Removal Act passes US Congress

    Under Pres. Andrew Jackson pushes, legislation passed to remove Native Americans east of the Mississippi to territories in the west. Native Americans who chose to remain in the east can become citizens of the respective state where they reside. (See http://www.historynet.com/indian-removal-act and https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2959.html)

  • The Liberator (abolitionist press) founded, Wm. Lloyd Garrison

  • Abolitionist publisher murdered by mob in Alton, Illinois

    Elijah Lovejoy moved from the slave state Missouri to Illinois so he could keep an abolitionist press going, but he was murdered and became a martyr https://historyengine.richmond.edu/episodes/view/5562

  • Trail of Tears ends

    In 1838 President Jackson sent U.S. troops to force Cherokees out of their homeland in Georgia and along this route to move west of the Mississippi River, more than 5,000 Cherokees died. This was part of the federal government's "Indian Removal" plan.

  • Fugitive Slave Act Passed

    This congressional act allows for the capture and return of fugitive slaves

  • Indian Appropriations Act (creates Reservations)

  • Uncle Tom's Cabin published

  • Kansas-Nebraska Act

    Newly admitted states can determine whether they will be free or slave states.
  • Period: to

    Bleeding Kansas (1854-1861)

    http://www.civilwaronthewesternborder.org/essay/bleeding-kansas-kansas-nebraska-act-harpers-ferry

  • Dred Scott Decision

    Slaves declared to be property, not citizens

  • Harper's Ferry Raid

    John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, an importantly strategic arsenal at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers. Herman Melville and Walt Whitman compare John Brown and his raid to a series of meteorological phenomena in the summer of 1859 that were seen of portents of the growing tensions over the slavery issue.

  • Abraham Lincoln Elected President

  • Secession of states begins

    continues through April 1861. (order of states succession: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee)
  • Period: to

    Civil War

    Timeline of battles, see https://www.nps.gov/gett/learn/historyculture/civil-war-timeline.htm

  • Jefferson Davis provisionally inaugurated Pres. of Confederacy

  • Pres. Lincoln inaugurated

  • Fort Sumter, 1st battle of Civil War

    Charleston, South Carolina. Confederate victory. (See http://www.historynet.com/battle-of-fort-sumter)

  • Jeff. Davis elected Pres. of Confederacy

  • Emancipation Proclamation

    President Lincoln's decree that all slaves in rebel states were free (See https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/emancipation-proclamation)

  • Union victory at Gettysburg

  • Battle of Antietam

  • Lincoln delivers Gettysburg address

  • Pres. Lincoln inaugurated for 2nd term

  • Battle of Appomattox Court House & Surrender

  • Pres. Lincoln assassinated

  • Pres. Andrew Johnson inaugurated, Reconstruction begins

  • Thirteenth Amemdment to Constitution Ratified

    Slavery abolished in the U.S.

  • 14th Amendment to US Constitution

    Citizenship guaranteed to all who are U.S. born

  • Battle of Little Bighorn

  • Wounded Knee Massacre