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Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson became the first Afrincan American to play in Major League Baseball. This was one of the first steps in the Civil Rights Movement. NPR
http://www.npr.org/2013/04/17/177470407/the-pitch-for-more-no-42s -
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Brown v. Board of Education
Held in Topeka, KS
Resulted in satement that segregaton in schools is unconstitutional, essentially turning over Plessy v. Ferguson "separate but equal" case. Modern American History
http://blsciblogs.baruch.cuny.edu/his1005spring2011/tag/brown-v-board-of-education/ -
Dienbienpho
At Dienbienpho,the French, who had had control over Vietnam, were surrounded by Vietnamese troops. France lost and decided to leave Southeast Asia. Since Vietnam was now led by communist Ho Chi Mihn, the U.S. saw this as a void where communism could grow. This event marked the real beginning of America's interest in Vietnam US Politics
http://www.uspoliticsonline.net/historical-discourse/13124-dien-bien-phu.html
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Dwight Eisenhower elected as President
1955-1961
-Ended Korean War-personally went to Korea but failed to end war; later negotiated and established a peace
-Maintained peaceful coexistence with USSR
-Established Modern Republicanism Wisconsin History Museum Site
http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/museum/exhibits/elections/1952.asp -
Montgomery Bus Boycott-lasted 381 days
Rosa Parks refused to move on a bus for a white passenger and was arrested. That event began the boycott, where all African Americans boyvotted buses and used other forms of trasportation. It was Led by Martin Luther KIng Jr. and succeeded, making it a national issue. NPR
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4973548 -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
Established by Martin Luther KIng Jr. to help lead Civil Rights Movement and African Americans throughout the U.S. Black Past
http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/southern-christian-leadership-conference-1957 -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Comittee (SNCC)
Established by young Civil Rights leaders who led sit-in protest movement.
Sit-ins: Students protested segregated lunch counters by sitting at white-only counters.Succeeded in shutting down counters until the policy was changed.
Inspired by Emmit Till and students in LIttle Rock who essentially "forced" integration by attending a white school despite the protest and riots against it Richard Avedon
http://www.richardavedon.com/index.php#mi=2&pt=1&pi=10000&s=1&p=4&a=2&at=0 -
John F. Kennedy elected as President
-Optimistic and idealist
-New frontier reforms: social program, led to developmet of organizations such as Peace Corps.
-Bay of Pigs: Kennedy had plants to overthrow the Cuban leader, Castro, but when it came time for the attack, cuban troops were sent out and stopped the attack.
-Cuban Missle Crisis:USSR placed missles in Cuba so US set up a blockade. Almost led to nuclear war, but USSR leader backed out of attack and negotiated. http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/john-f-kennedy-50.php -
Lydon B. Johnson elected as President
1963-1969
-Great Society Reforms:Sought to improve education, medical care, immigraion, and voting rights, and it led to programs, such as Project Head Start and Medicare.
-Helped pass Civil Rights Acts
-Escalated Vietnam War White House
http://whitehouse.gov -
March on Washington
Martin Luther King Jr. led 200,000 demonstrators to protest segregation. There, he gave his "I have a dream" speech. However, violence still remained after the peaceful protest. National Archives
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/documented-rights/exhibit/section4/detail/washington-march1.html -
JFK assassinated
Asssassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Texas. JFK was on a political trip. Time
http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1860871_1860876_1861003,00.html -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
Two U.S. ships had been attacked by the North Vietnamese. Inresponse, the Tonkin Gulf Resolution was passed by Congress essentially giving the President a blank check to return action. Naval History and Heritage
http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/dd731-k.htm -
Assassination of Malcom X
Malcom X was a major leader in the Civil Rights Movement. He used violent tactics, unlike MLK Jr. and was a Muslim. He was assassinated in New York. Malcom X
http://www.colostate.edu/orgs/MSA/find_more/m_x.html -
Voting Rights Act
Sought to end the racial discrimination that accompanied voting. Passed during President Johnson's administration. CORE
http://www.core-online.org/History/voting_rights.htm -
Civil Rights Act
Passed by Congress during President Johnson's administration.
Act banned discrimination in public facilities and sought to end segregation. It also set up the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to enforce fair hiring practices. American Constitution Society
http://www.acslaw.org/acsblog/eeoc-guidance-critical-to-equitable-employment-opportunities-for-racial-minorities -
Tet offensive
The Tet Offensive was an act of war launched by North Vietnam. The U.S. stopped the attack, but it showed that the North would not give up and there was still a lot of fighting left to win the war. This is known as the breaking point in the war. eHistory
http://ehistory.osu.edu/vietnam/maps/0010.cfm -
Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination
MLK Jr. was was shot outside of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee by James Earl Ray. His death casued outbursts of racial violence and devestation amogsnt the African American community. ABC News
http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2013/04/the-murder-of-martin-luther-king-jr/ -
Richard Nixon elected as President
-Ended Vietnam War
-Recognized China-met with leader of China to lessen tensions between China and US
-Watergate Scandal:there was a break in at the Democrat's headwuarters at Watergate; Nixon stated he knew nothing prior to the event
-First president to resign White House
http://whitehouse.gov -
Protest at Kent State University
The protest at Kent State University got out of hand and the National Guard was called in to disperse the protestors. They opened fire and killed four protestors. This represents the disapprovment of the war by many Americans, who participated in hundreds of protests and riots. University of Illinois Archives
http://cooper.library.uiuc.edu/archives/archon/?p=digitallibrary/digitalcontent&id=2289 -
American troops left Vietnam
However, in 1975, North Vietnam overran and took over South Vietnam. http://64796893.nhd.weebly.com/vietnam-war.html -
Gerald Ford elected as President
-VP during Niixon's presidency and took over as President when Nixon resigned
-Pardoned Nixon for his crimes White House
http://whitehouse.gov
