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Charles Ives
world renowned American modernist composer -
Period: to
Florence Price
first African American woman to be recognized as a symphonic composer -
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Sergei Prokofiev
major composer of the 20th century -
Period: to
George Gershwin
American composer that wrote a variety of music from symphonic, to broadway, to film, to piano -
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Duke Ellington
major band leader during the swing and big band eras -
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Aaron Copland
American composer in the 20th century -
Period: to
Pierre Schaeffer
the first person to develop musique concrete -
Period: to
John Cage
American composer and theorist that challenged and pioneered the ideas of indeterminant music -
Period: to
Billie Holiday
one of the famous jazz singers during her time; broke barriers by singing in all white bands -
Period: to
Milton Babbitt
American composer and theorist known for his contributions to serialism and electronic music -
Period: to
Leonard Bernstein
famous conductor, composer, teacher, pianist, lecturer, and TV personality -
Period: to
Non-tonal
music that did not have a tonal center became more popularized -
Swing Era
swing music was popularized -
Symphony No. 1 in E Minor
the Chicago Symphony premiered Price's piece making history as the first symphony written and performed by an African American woman -
Porgy and Bess
written by Gershwin to be an "American folk opera"; first opera with an all black cast -
Period: to
Dizzy Gillespie
jazz trumpet player known for his unusual embouchure of puffing out his cheeks -
Instant Coffee
invented by Nestle -
The "A" Train
Strayhorn's piece premiered -
Period: to
World War II
the second World War -
Musique concrete
took recorded sounds of non-instruments and used them in music -
Big Band Era
big band music was popularized -
Fanfare for the Common Man
Aaron Copland's "Fanfare for the Common Man" premiered -
Period: to
The Cold War
intense conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States -
Aleatoric
left musical elements up to chance -
Indeterminate
music that relied on chance but has slightly more structure -
Electronische Musik
electronic music was first introduced and used -
Period: to
Textural
uses sound blocks manipulated through musical means -
Period: to
Maximized Expressionism
integral serialism adding complexity in music -
West Side Story
musical written mostly by Steven Sondheim with collaboration from Leonard Bernstein that included more complex music than had been previously used in musical theater -
Period: to
Minimalism
repetitive music that uses a small amount of musical material -
Period: to
Neo-Romanticism
romanticism with more dissonance; created with more structure than other styles at the time -
Period: to
Neo-tonality
brought back tonally centered music -
Period: to
Postmodernism
focused on uniting early 20th century elements of music -
Post-it notes
invented by Spencer Silver and 3M -
Walkman
invented by Akio Morita -
Period: to
Totalism
music that developed in response to minimalism that followed the style of Maximalism -
Period: to
New Complexity
closely related to totalism; very abstract and dissonant -
Compact Disc (CD)
invented by Phillips -
World Wide Web
invented by Tim Berners-lee -
Period: to
Globalization
a direct result of technology that has allowed worldwide exchange of musical ideas -
iPod
invented by Apple Computer, Inc