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William G. Harding (1921-1923) 29th President of the United States
The most popular President at that time who took office after World War I -
Emergency Immigration Act of 1921
This act restricted European immigration -
Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929) 30th President of the United States
Nicknamed "Silent Cal" for his quiet demeanor. During his presidency, the U.S. experienced the period of rapid economic growth known as the "roaring twenties." -
Immigration Act of 1924
This act restricted the immigration numbers from "undesirable" areas of the world -
Scopes Trial
A legal case known as the "Monkey Trial" which charged Dayton, Tennessee high school teacher John T. Scopes with violating state law by teaching evolution. He was found guilty and fined $100. The law was repealed in 1962. -
Herbert Hoover (1929-1933) 31st President of the United States
His reputation was tarnished when he failed to alleviate the suffering of the American people during the Great Depression -
Wall Street Crash on 'Black Tuesday'
The most devastating single day in stock market history to that point, which caused widespread panic among the American people. -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
This act raised U.S. tariffs to historically high levels, causing a decline in European imports, and American exports to Europe -
Dust Bowl
A drought that affected 150,000 square miles in the Great Plains Region. The lack of rainfall, light soil, high winds, and black blizzards caused sixty percent of the region's population to move West -
Reconstruction Finance Corporation established
President Hoover's most innovative program which provided Federal loans to railroads, banks, and businesses -
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945) 32nd President of the United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt also referred to as FDR, is the only President to be elected to the office four times. He assumed his Presidency in the midst of the Great Depression and is credited with the "New Deal" which helped to get the American people back on their feet. He also led the U.S. into World War II. -
Glass-Steagall Act
This act created Federal insured bank deposits (FDIC) -
Emergency Banking Relief Act
This act broadened the powers of the President during a banking crisis. All banks were closed and some were allowed to re-open if they had been deemed sound. -
Social Security Act
This act created a national pension fund for retired persons; and was a part of FDR's second New Deal. It played into Roosevelt's belief that workers bear a part in the cost and maintenance of an American welfare state. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
The Japanese attack the American Naval base at Pearl Harbor. -
Congress declares war on Japan
As a result of the attack on Pearl Harbor, the U.S. would officially join World War II
