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Emancipation Proclamation
Emancipation!Early into the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclomation. This act was an act to end slavery. Although it did not effect the slaves immediately, since mainly Confederate areas held slaves around 20,000 were freed and nearly four million were freed by 1860. Since states could only end slavery in their borders, in 1865 the Thirteenth Amendment outlawed slavery and made it illegal to have slaves. -
Catto Incident
CattoOctavius Catto, staunch supporter and advocate for racial equality is shot. Born and raised in Charleston, he is an intelectual and a natural leader. He is outraged at racial barriers and wants to put a stop to them. Catto leads a succesful career an joins many anti-racism organizations. He gets Pennsylvania to ratify the 15th Amendment. On voting day for the amendment, he is shot and killed by white thugs roaming the neighborhood discouraging voting. Catto is memorialized and never forgotten. -
Moore Vs. Dempsey
Woah!This case was a major landmark case and victory for the NAACP. In Arkansas, twelve black men were sentenced to death after allegations of killing whites during a riot. The twelve were subject to torture and forced confession. Walter White, jourmalist, saw what was happening and publicsized it. Six of the men were found innocent, the rest were set free by the decision of the Supreme Court which was a major score and victory. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
Train CarsPlessy versus Ferguson was an infamous case that brought light to the "seperate but equal". Louisiana passed a law saying that blacks and whites had to ride different train-cars, as long as they were "seperate" but the train-cars were of "equal" condition, it was fine. A man named Homer Plessy challenged this law. He was an eigth white and was arrested for sitting in the white car. All but one judge on the Supreme Court voted that it was fair. This case certainly made headway for other cases. -
Smith vs. Allwright
AlrightThis was yet another landmark case for African-Americans. Lonnie E. Smith, a black voter sued S.S Allwright for his voting rights in the primary election. It was being conducted by the Democratic party. The stipulations in which he was sueing for was that only all-white voters could vote. Texas said that since the Democrats were a private orginization, they could set their own rules, but the Supreme Court overturned the case ruling in Smith's favor allowing Smith to vote. -
Henderson Vs U.S.
RailroadHenderson Vs U.S was a landmark case that effectively ended all railroad segregation in dining cars and gave blacks the rights they deserved. Elmer W. Henderson, an African-American railroad passenger went for dinner in the dining cars. He was promptly denied his dining rights by the attendant and could not dine properly because of of white's occupation in the seats. The Supreme Court concluded that this was unfair because he had payed the same as the whites and should recieve the same treatment -
Brown Vs Board of Education
Edumacation!One of most well-known cases in the civil-rights movement, this case ended segregation in schools. Around the fall of 1951, twenty children went to attend schools close to their home but were denied that privelege because they were black. A class-action lawsuit was filed, and the case went to the Supreme Court. In unanimous agreement, those laws were made unconstitutional and everyone oculd go to the same school, colored or not. -
Rosa Parks
BusAfter a hard day of work, 42-year old Rosa Parks sat down in the white's section. When the bus was filled, one white man was left standing. Rosa was asked to give up her seat for him. She refused. Rosa was arrested for violating Jim Crowe laws, which were notorious racial segregation laws. Soon a year-long bus boycott followed. Companies were losing money fast so they took down those Jim Crowe laws. Rosa Parks had accomplished everything by only sitting down. -
Sit-Ins
[Sit]((Greensboro, N.C.) Four black students from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College begin a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. Although they are refused service, they are allowed to stay at the counter. The event triggers many similar nonviolent protests throughout the South. Six months later the original four protesters are served lunch at the same Woolworth's counter. Student sit-ins would be effective throughout the Deep South in integrating parks, swimming pools, theaters, libraries, and other public facilitiesRead more: Civil Rights Movement Timeline (14th Amendment, 1964 Act, Human Rights Law) | Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/spot/civilrightstimeline1.html#ixzz3H7czjMWj)At Woolworth's lunch counter, four black college students sat down to eat. They are refused service, however they can still sit. They stay at the restuarant for long. This even inspires many others like it, called "Sit-ins". Finally after six months, the same students are served at the counter. Student sit-ins become a popular technique for pushing the racial boundary. -
MLK's Speech
Withhis words, Marthin Luther King Jr delivered one of history's most renowned and powerful speeches. MLK and other civil-rights activists had organized the March on Washington in hopes of bringing down segregation in schools, protection from police brutality, and more. In just two minutes, Martin's speech recieved thunderous applause. Many regard it as the best oratory and most moving speech. It affected many people and saw the explosion of more protests and riots. It was a speech to not forget. -
Bloody Sunday
SundayBlacks start a march in Montgomery but are stopped by a large police blockade on the Pettus Bridge. After using whips and tear gas, fifty marchers are put in the hospital. This incident is called "Bloody Sunday" because of the large number of people hurt. The march is considered the fuel for the fire of voting rights being passed five months after the event. -
Rodney King
Brutality This act of brutality saw the violation of civil rights and how police reacted to a law-breaker. Rodney Glenn King, a construction worker was beaten after a high-speed chase. George Holliday recorded the brutal act of police taking turns striking at Rodney while other police just stood. When the footage was released, many were outraged. The federal governernment saw to his violation of civil rights and two of the officers were sent to jail.
