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Missouri Cpromise
Who: James Tallmadge
What: Missouri was admitted as a slave state and Maine as free, and except for Missouri, slavery was to be excluded from the Louisiana Purchase lands north of latitude 36°30′
Where:Missouri and Maine; the us
Why: Southern congressmen feared that the entrance of Missouri as a free state would upset the balance of power between North and South -
Texas annexed by the USA
Who:John Tyler
What: a Treaty of Annexation, an event that caused Mexico to sever diplomatic relations with United States With the support of President-elect Polk, Tyler managed to get the joint resolution passed.
Where: Texas
Why: Texas declared independence from mexico because of slavery -
The US-Mexican War
The Mexican-American war was the first armed conflict fought on american soil between Mexico, which was divided and unprepared, and the USA, currently led by Polk’s ideal of manifest destiny. The first battle took place at the boarder at Rio Grande and by the end of the war, the USA claimed a third of Mexico’s land. -
War with Mexico begins
Who: Zachary Taylor,
What: Mexican cavalry attacked a group of U.S. soldiers in the disputed zone under the command of General Zachary Taylor, killing about a dozen
Where: Rio Grande
Why: manifest destiny -
The Oregon Purchase
The Oregon purchase put an end to the boundary dispute between the United States and Britain, which determined that all land north of the 49th parallel, as well as the entirety of Vancouver island, belonged to the British and all land south of it was claimed by the United States. -
USA settles dispute with Britain over Oregon
Who:President James Polk
What: eager to settle the boundary of the Oregon Territory and proposed a settlement on the 49 degree line to Great Britain. Great Britain agreed to Polk’s suggestion
Where: Oregon Territory
Why:Manifest Destiny -
Wilmot Proviso
Who: David Wilmot
What: eliminate slavery within the land acquired as a result of the Mexican War
Where: forty- ninth parallel
Why: The Democrats had divided over slavery and expansion during the 1844 election -
California Gold Rush
Who:James Wilson Marshall
What: He found flakes of gold in the American River at the base of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. As news spread of the discovery, thousands of prospective gold miners traveled by sea or over land to San Francisco and the surrounding area
Where: California
Why: people were yearning for new opportunity -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends US- Mexican war
Who:
What: The treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory,
Where: present-day Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming.
Why:Following the defeat of the Mexican army and the fall of Mexico City, in September 1847, the Mexican government surrendered and peace negotiations began -
Compromise of 1850
Who:Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun
What: It consisted of laws admitting California as a free state, creating Utah and New Mexico territories to be determined by popular sovereignty, settling a Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute and ending the slave trade in Washington, D.C
Where: Mexican Cession
Why:Divisions over slavery in territory gained in the Mexican-American -
The Gadsden Purchase
The Gadsden purchase was an agreement between the USA and Mexico, where the USA payed Mexico $10 million in exchange for an almost 30,000 square mile portion of land that later became Arizona and New Mexico so the USA could continue to expand. -
Formation of the Republican party
Who: Northern Whigs, Northern Democrats, Free Soil Party
What: Northern Whigs, Northern Democrats, Free Soil Party had begun meeting in the upper midwestern states to discuss the formation of a new party.
Where: midwestern states
Why: prevent expansion of slavery -
Bleeding Kansas
Who: Proslavery and antislavery groups
What: Proslavery and free-state settlers flooded into Kansas to try to influence the decision. Violence soon erupted as both factions fought for control
Where: Kansas
Why: Principle of popular sovereignty, decreed that the residents would determine whether the area became a free state or a slave state -
Kansas-Nebraska act
Who: Stephen A. Douglas
What:It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders- popular sovereignty
Where: Kansas, Nebraska
Why: overturned the Missouri Compromise’s use of latitude as the boundary between slave and free territory -
Ostend Manifesto
Who:
What: in a meeting to discuss further U.S. attempts to acquire Cuba the Ostend manifesto was created it sated if Spain would not sell Cuba, the United States had no choice but to take it by force.
Where: Ostend, Belgium
Why:Eager to permanently add slave states and increase their representation in Congress, southerners wanted Spanish-held Cuba. -
Dred Scott Judgement
Who: Dred Scott, Chief Justice Roger B.Taney,
What: affirming the right of slave owners to take their slaves into the Western territories, therebynegating the doctrine of popular sovereignty and severely undermining the platform of the newly created Republican Party
Where: Missourii
Why:Scott was not free based on his residence in either Illinois or Wisconsin because he was not considered a person under the U.S. Constitution -
Panic of 1857
Who: americans
What: financial panic in the United States caused by the declining international economy and over-expansion of the domestic economy
Where: throughout the us
Why: The banks had invested in businesses that were failing. People feared financial ruin. They ran to the banks to withdraw their money -
The Treaty of Tianjin
The Treaty of Tianjin was a series of documents that were signed at Tianjin, concerning Russia, France, the UK, the USA, and resulted in opening more treaty and trading ports to foreign trade, as well as allowing christian missionary activity, and made importing and exporting of opium legal. -
The Great Sioux War
The Great Sioux War was a series of battles that occurred between the Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne and the US government. The US government wanted the land the native americans called the Black Hills, where gold had been discovered, and the native americans refused to give up their land, which led to war. One of the most popular battles of the war was Custer’s Last Stand. -
Raid on Harpers Ferry
Who:John Brown and a group of his supporters
What: Brown and his men captured prominent citizens and seized the federal armory and arsenal
Where: Harpers Ferry Virginia
Why: to start an armed slave revolt and destroy the institution of slavery -
Abraham Lincoln elected
Who: Abraham Lincoln
What: First Republican to win the presidency. Lincoln received only 40 percent of the popular vote but handily defeated the three other candidates: Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge, Constitutional Union candidate John Bell, and Northern Democrat Stephen Douglas, a U.S. senator for Illinois
Where: Washington DC
Why: slavery -
South Carolina secedes
Who: John McQueen
What: South Carolina became the first slave state in the south to declare that it had seceded from the United States
Where: South Carolina
Why:McQueen claimed that U.S. president-elect Abraham Lincoln supported equality and civil rights for African Americans as well as the abolition of slavery, and thus South Carolina, being opposed to such measures, was compelled to secede -
Six other states secede from USA
Who: citizens in the south
What: Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas all left the Union delegates from all these states except Texas met in Montgomery, Alabama, to create and staff a government called the Confederate States of America
Where:Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas
Why: did not agree with president -
Confederacy established
Who: Jefferson Davis
What: representatives from the six seceded states met in Montgomery, Alabama, to formally establish a unified government, which they named the Confederate States of America. On February 9, Jefferson Davis of Mississippi was elected the Confederacy's first president.
Where: Montgomery Alabama
Why: preserve slavery, states’ rights, and political liberty for whites -
Four more states join the Confederacy
Who: Citizens of the south
What: Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia join CSA
Where: upper south
Why: When the war began with the firing on Fort Sumter -
CSA forces take Fort Sumter
Who:General P.G.T. Beauregard, Major Robert Anderson
What: opened fire on the Union garrison holding Fort Sumter
Where:Charleston Harbor
Why:The fort had been the source of tension between the Union and Confederacy for several months -
Four slave states decide to stay in USA
Who: citizens of the border states
What: 1861, nineteen were free states and fifteen were slave states. Four slave states never declared a secession: Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri
Where: border states
Why: delineate the cultural border that separates the North from the South -
Jefferson Davis elected president of the CSA
Who: Jefferson Davis
What: Jefferson Davis was elected president, of the Confederate States of America. He ran unopposed and was elected to serve for a six-year term.
Where: south
Why: the CSA needed a president after 6 southern states seceded from the union -
Trent Affair
Who: Lincoln, William Seward
What:President Abraham Lincoln’s administration released the envoys and averted an armed conflict with Britain.
Where: Atlantic ocean
Why:the captain of the USS San Jacinto arrested of two Confederate envoys sailing to Europe aboard a British ship, the Trent, in order to seek support for the South in the Civil War. The British, were outraged and claimed the seizure of a neutral ship by the U.S. Navy was a violation of international law. -
USA abolishes slavery in Washington DC
Before the slaves in the rest of the states were freed, Washington DC payed slave owners to free their slaves as part of the emancipation act by lincoln. -
emancipation proclamation
Lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation, freeing all slaves in the USA. If southern states didn't cease their rebellion, then it would go into effect. -
battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was known as the bloodiest battle in history between union and confederate forces and was known as the wars turning point. -
US Congress passes Wade Davis Bill
Who: Benjamin F. Wade and Henry W. Davis,
What: The bill created a framework for Reconstruction and the readmittance of the Confederate states to the Union. Required that 50 percent of a state’s white males take a loyalty oath to be readmitted to the Union.
Where: southern states
Why:Congress began to consider the question of how the Union would be reunited if the North won the Civil Wa -
Wade Davis Vetoed
Who: Lincoln
What: he killed the bill with a pocket veto
Where: Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee, Missouri,Maryland
Why:He believed that Wade–Davis would jeopardize state-level emancipation movements in loyal border states like Missouri and, especially, Maryland. The bill threatened to destroy the delicate political coalitions which Lincoln had begun to construct between northern and southern moderates -
Atlanta falls to US forces led by Sherman
Who: William Tecumseh Sherman, John Hood
What:Union Army General William Tecumseh Sherman lays siege to Atlanta, Georgia, a critical Confederate hub, shelling civilians and cutting off supply lines.
Where: Atlanta, Georgia
Why:Sherman’s men successfully captured Atlanta and continued to defend it through mid-November against Confederate forces led by John Hood -
Linclon defeats McClellen to be re-elected
In the 1864 presidential election, Lincoln and McClellan ran against each other, Lincoln trying to portray himself as a candidate that would end the war. -
Shermans March To The Sea
Also known as the Savannah Campaign, was an expedition to capture the port of Savannah with the union army. -
CSA capital falls to US forces
After Robert E Lee surrendered to Ussless Grant, the south officially surrendered to the north and the capital of the confederacy fell to the union -
CSA commander Robert E Lee surrenders at appomatox courthouse
The morning of April 9th, 1865, the final battle of the civil war was fought, just before general Robert E Lee surrendered to Ulysses S Grant in Richmond, Virginia. -
Linclon Assassinated
Lincoln was assassinated during a play at Fords theater by John Wilks Booth, in Hodgenville KY. Andrew Johnson was his vice president and became president after his death. -
13th Amendment to the Constitution
The thirteenth amendment to the constitution stated that slavery, in all parts of the USA, was illegal and all former slaves were freed. -
Civil Rights Act
Passed over the veto of Andrew Johnson, it stated that all people born in the USA were officially citizens without regard to race, gender, or previous condition. -
14th Amendment to the Constitution
The fourteenth amendment states that all who are born or naturalized in the USA are therefore citizens and have rights as citizens. -
Ulyusses S Grant becomes president
In 1865, Grant was the commanding general of the union army and claimed victory over the south, which is what won him popularity in the election. He worked to implement reconstruction after the civil war. -
The Battle of Little Bighorn
During the Great Sioux War, one of the most famous battles of the war was the Battle of Little Bighorn, also known as Custer’s last stand, when Custer and his troops attacked a gathering of native americans only to interfere on a massive gathering and severely lose the battle, resulting in Custer’s death. -
Presidential election leads to inauguration of Rutherford B Hayes
Rutherford B Hayes was the 19th president of the USA, in the red room of the white house in a private inauguration. -
The Dawes Act
The Dawes Act was legislation authorized by the president and adopted by congress to divide western tribal land and allot certain amounts to individual indians in hope that they would assimilate into the general population. -
The Spanish American War
The Spanish American War was a conflict that was between the USA and Spain, beginning with the explosion of the USS Maine. The war was fought over pacific possessions around Cuba that both sides were fighting over. -
The Philippine Organic Act
The Philippine Organic Act was a law stating rules for the Philippines to abide by to be considered not needing the USA’s influence, so that they could self govern without any other countries stepping in with the Philippines being so close to the USA. -
Roosevelt issues Monroe corollary
The Monroe Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine to keep european powers out of the Dominican Republic by stating that the USA would intervene if any of the Latin American countries’s ability to self-govern was implemented in any way. -
The Great White Fleet
Roosevelt sent the US’s naval fleet, which was far more advanced and modernized than any other countries navy, on a tour around the world to broadcast the United State’s power as part of his “speak softly and carry a big stick” philosophy. -
WW1 breaks out in Europe
World War One broke out directly caused by the assassination of an Austrian duke, Franz Ferdinand, but had been building for a long time with many other factors. It began with Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia, then Russia and Germany declaring war on each other. France began moving troops shortly after. -
USA enters WW1
The Unites States entered world war one two days after the senate voted to declare war on Germany. Originally, the Unites States had remained neutral for the first few months of the war, but after Britain intercepted a telegram from Germany to Mexico, trying to convince Mexico to go to war with the USA. The USA was notified, and entered the war shortly after. -
Wilson issues 14 points
The Fourteen Points was a document laying out the terms and principles that could be used to deal with all of the countries affected by and fought in World War one to work towards peace after the end of the war, created by president Woodrow Wilson. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the post World War One treaties that finalized the end of the war. It was signed five years after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand by the countries involved, and mainly put Germany responsible for the cause of the war and forced Germany to pay most of the reparations on behalf of the War Guilt clause. -
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an organization comprised of all the countries involved in the war in order to promote international discussion and mediation. It was created first by Woodrow Wilson but the USA never joined. It was later replaced by a different but very similar organization.
