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America began its fight for freedom and independence against England. After a while, the struggle became intense.
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John Adams set off on a voyage to France, seeking help for the war against England.
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The ship John Adams was on, the Boston, finally saw the coast of Europe after more than four weeks at sea. Adams noted in his diary that the feeling of seeing cattle, houses, etc. after his long and dangerous voyage was a great feeling.
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After a very long and tiring war, American and British leaders signed the Treaty of Paris, the agreement that ended the war and finally gave America its independence.
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Leaders gathered at what is now known as the Constitutional Convention, and signed the United States Constitution. It was not official law, though, until nine of the thirteen states approved it.
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Because leaders added individual rights laws onto the Constitution, enough people agreed with it that the Constitution was ratified, or approved.
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The first ten amendments on the Constitution were known as the Bill of Rights. These rights include freedom of religion, speech, and the press.