-
Period: 385 to 400
Roman Republic (EUR) 500 BC - 27 BC
earliest examples of democracy -
Period: 390 to 476
Western Roman Empire (EUR) 31 BC-476 AD
Falls in 476 AD -
Period: 395 to 900
Mayan Empire (AM) 250-900
hieroglyphs, long count calendar, Chichen Itza
starting at 400 for ease of view -
Period: 400 to 1453
Byzantine Empire (EUR) 330-1453
Ends with fall of Constantinople
starting at 400 for ease of view -
Period: 500 to 1000
Early Middle Ages (EUR)
backwards, decentralized, military threat -
600
Spread of Islam begins (ME)
600s/700s through Arabia -
600
Ch'an or zen Buddhism emerges (EASIA)
emphasizes simplicity, present-moment awareness, nonduality, nonconceptual understanding, and zazen (“just sitting”) meditation -
656
Sunni-Shiite Split (ME)
656-661 -
Period: 661 to 750
Ummayad Caliphate (ME)
Syrian city of Damascus
Made Arabic official language -
700
Feudalism emerges (EUR)
nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service
vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles
peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, in exchange for military protection -
Period: 700 to 1500
Mississippian Civilizations (AM)
Cahokia built with 30k people -
Period: 750 to 1258
Abbasid Caliphate (ME)
Golden age of classical culture
House of wisdom: It was a major hub of learning and scholarship, and played a key role in the translation, preservation, and transmission of knowledge from ancient Greek, Roman, Persian, and Indian sources to the Arabic-speaking world Harun al-Rashid
peak under son:
Al-Ma'mun The word "algebra" is derived from the Arabic word "al-jabr," which means "reunion of broken parts. -
768
Charlemagne takes power (EUR)
768-814
Frankish monarch statebuilder + education -
776
Haroud al Rashid emerges Caliphate (ME)
famous caliphate
776-809 -
Period: 794 to 1185
Heian period (JAP)
classical period -
800
Medieval climactic optimum (800-1300)
flourishing agriculture warming -
Period: 800 to 1500
Holy Roman Empire (EUR) 800-1806
founded by Charlemagne and heirs
Ending at 1500 for ease of view -
Period: 800 to 1450
Khmer Empire (SASIA)
Cambodia was a Hindu-Buddhist empire -
Period: 800 to 1100
Vikings (EUR)
Iceland, Greenland, British Isles, NW France, Sicily, Russia longboats -
Period: 900 to 1200
Toltec Empire (AM)
warrior society central Mexico -
Period: 900 to 1470
Chimu culture in Andes (AM)
passed to Inca
largest empire in Andes and roads -
Period: 960 to 1279
Song Dynasty (EASIA)
durable and advanced
gunpowder 800s-900s, printing, paper money, magnetic compass -
980
Avicenna (ME)
Canon of Medicine - most authoritative medical text -
Period: 1000 to 1300
High Middle Ages (EUR)
cultural + economic revival -
Period: 1000 to 1492
Spanish/Portugese Reconquista (EUR)
Catholics against Muslims and Jews -
Period: 1000 to 1500
Swahili city states flourish (AFR)
East Africa
Zanzibar port -
Period: 1000 to 1400
Great Zimbabwe (AFR)
royal kingdom with walls, some of which are eleven meters high -
1054
Great Schism (EUR)
church split into Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
Roman church in Rome vs Byzantine church based in Constantinople (now called Istanbul)
Western beliefs: clerics should remain celibate and use bread for communion, pope authority over patriarch - East didn't agree -
Period: 1095 to 1204
The Crusades (EUR)
Convert non Catholics
4 crusades
Famous: First Crusade 1095-1291 in North Africa/Middle East -
1100
Timbuktu founded (AFR)
Mali hub (1200-1600s)
Sundiata epic: who is revered as a great warrior and a cultural hero, and his story is considered one of the greatest examples of oral literature in Africa -
Period: 1100 to 1500
Shogun regimes (JAP)
Kamakura Ashikaga
2 regimes daimyo noble warlords, had samurai followed Bushido fought Kublai Khan (Mongol) -
Period: 1100 to 1300
Scholasticism emerges (EUR)
It was a system of learning that sought to reconcile the classical philosophy of Aristotle with the teachings of the Christian church.
reconcile faith and reason by demonstrating that the teachings of the Church could be supported by reason and logic. They believed that truth could be discovered through logical analysis and debate, and that all knowledge could be organized and systematized.
St. Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham -
1135
Maimonides (ME)
1135-1204
re-familiarized Muslim Spain/Europe with Aristotle -
1200
Maori settlement NZ
Polynesian migrations (1000-900 BCE) -
1200
Arab Slave Trade emerges strong (ME)
-
1200
Rumi (ME)
Sufi poet -
Period: 1200 to 1368
pax Mongolica (EURASIA)
semi unification by Genghis Khan C. Asian steppes
destroyed Song, Abbasid, Kievan Russia state -
Period: 1200 to 1500
Aztecs/Mexica (AM)
Tenochtitlan
fell to Spanish -
Period: 1206 to 1500
Delhi Sultanate (IND) 1206-1526
introduction to Islam
centralized India
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
1215
Magna Carta (EUR)
rights of nobility against king
followed by Parliament creation late 1200s -
1231
Holy Inquisition begins (EUR)
popes decided heresy courts -
Period: 1250 to 1500
Mali state (AFR) 1250-1600
Mande state Islam gold and metals
Sundiata Keita founded 1235
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
1271
Kublai Khan (Mongol) takes Song (EASIA)
-
1271
Marco Polo visits China (EASIA)
meets Kubali Khan -
Period: 1271 to 1368
Yuan Dynasty (EASIA)
Kublai Kahn Yuan China rich and powerful - Mongol -
1300
Indian cities and states resist and break from Delhi (IND)
-
Period: 1300 to 1500
Late Middle Ages (EUR)
Greater centralization -
Period: 1300 to 1500
Renaissance (EUR) 1300-1600s
approx years
high renaissance - 1400s and 1500s in Italy
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
Period: 1300 to 1500
Ottoman Empire (ME) 1300-1922
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
Period: 1300 to 1500
Renaissance Humanism (EUR) 1300-1600s
encouraged a critical and empirical approach to knowledge and an appreciation of individuality, creativity, and freedom
study of classical texts could provide a model for how to live a good life, and that by understanding the past, people could better understand the present and shape the future
Renaissance humanists include Petrarch, Erasmus, Thomas More, and Michel de Montaigne.
Ends in 1500 for ease of view -
1312
Mansa Musa rules (AFR)
1312-1337 -
Period: 1336 to 1500
Vijayanagara Empire (IND) 1336-1646
powerful Karnata empire- Hindu
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
Period: 1337 to 1453
Hundred Years' War (EUR)
English v French
Joan of Arc peasant French won -
1346
Black Death hits Europe (EUR)
in Europe: 1347 to 1351 -
Period: 1368 to 1500
Ming Dynasty (EASIA) 1368-1644
triggered by Red Turban revolts fell Yuan
Zhu Yuanzhang- Hongwu emperor; his son: Yongle emperor
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
1400
Silk Road flourishes again (ME)
disrupted 800-1200 -
1400
Bhakti movement (IND)
swept to North- Vishnu and Shiva worship begins -
1400
Little Ice Age (1400-1800)
global cooling famines and peasant uprisings -
1405
Zheng He explorations (EASIA)
SE Asia, India, ME, E Afr
1405-1433 -
1438
Hapsburgs emerge (EUR)
-
Period: 1438 to 1500
Inca Empire (AM) 1438-1532
took Chimu culture mid 1400s
expanded into Cusco
ending at 1500 for ease of view -
1450
Gutenberg movable type printing press (EUR)
China invented, Europe made cost effective -
1453
Fall of Constantinople (EUR/ME)
Ottomans took Constantinople 1453 destroyed Byzantine empire -
Islamic Expansion into Africa begins (AFR)
1600s and on