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Nationality Act- First law to officially allow Bilingual Education.
•Ohio passes the first law to officially allow Bilingual Education. The law permitted German-English instructcion upon the request of the parent. •Cincinnati's first bilingual school was founded to aid the large German population. -
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Bilingual Education
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Louisiana passes a law allowing French-English instruction
•Louisiana passes a law allowing French-English instruction -
Prohibited Native Americans from being taught own language
•Congress passes a law that prohibits Native Americans from being taught in their own languages. -
law recognizing and permitting Spanish instruction in public elementary schools
•New Mexico passes a law recognizing and permitting Spanish instruction in public elementary schools. -
•Native American students are sent to boarding schools
•Native American students are sent to boarding schools and punished when caught speaking in their native language. -
English in the 3r's
•Children ages eight to fourteen in both public and private schools must be instructed in English in the "three 'R's" (reading, writing, and arithmetic) and American History. -
Nationality Act
•Congress' first federal language law requiring that all immigrants seeking naturalization speak English. The law theoretically should have solved the Bilingual Education issue. -
Bilingual Education Issue
•Congress' first federal language law requiring that all immigrants seeking naturalization speak English. The law theoretically should have solved the Bilingual Education issue. -
The Bureau of Indian Affairs
•The Bureau of Indian Affairs rescinds its federal policy of repressing the use of Native American languages.
•This repression, however, continues illegally into the 1940s and 1950s. -
National Defense Education Act
•This act provided aid to both public and private schools at all levels to advance the areas of science, math, and modern foreign languages.
•The act also provided aid to English as a Second Language programs. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
•This act was passed by President Johnson.
•The act outlined and provided funds for educational programs that were considered essential for children and public education. Bilingual Education was one such program that received funding. -
ESEA, Title VII
•The Bilingual Education Act became a federal statute under Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Amendment of 1967.
•It provided federal funding for the Bilingual Education Act of 1968. -
Bilingual Education Act
•The act mandated that schools provide Bilingual Education programs.
•The act was passed during an era of growing immigration and an energized Civil Rights movement.
•The act provided federal funding to encourage local school districts to try approaches incorporating native-language instruction. This was the first time U.S. Congress had endorsed funding for Bilingual Education.
•Most states followed the lead of the federal government, enacting Bilingual Education Laws of their own or at lea -
Amendment to the Bilingual Education Act of 1968
•Terrence Bell, Secretary of Education, saw the guidelines in the Bilingual Education Act as too inflexible.
•Lawmakers amended the act, offering Title VII programs the option of using English-only instruction. -
Proposition 187 (California)
•Proposition 187 is introduced to deny illegal immigrants (or those suspected of being so) health care, social services, and public education.
•In November of 1994, the issue was brought to the voters, where it received 59% of the votes in its favor, and became a law.
•Its constitutionality was immediately challenged and three days after election day, a temporary restraining was placed on the new law.
•In March of 1998, U.S. District Court confirmed that the federal government has exclusive a -
No Child Left Behind Act
•The act was originally the Bilingual Education/Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1964-5.
•The act mandates that each state must measure every public school student's progress in reading and math from the third grade through the eighth grade. Further progress must be measured at least once between the tenth and twelfth grades.
•By the 2007-2008 school year, assessments (or testing) in science will be underway.
•The act requires that all teachers teaching in Bilingual Education program
