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Mexico's Independence
Near the close of the 18th century, the people of New Spain began to rebel against their government. The Creoles (Spaniards born in the new world) resented the Spanish control of high offices and monopolies. They also disliked the political and economic reforms initiated by Spain to modernize the colony. Moreover, the Creoles wanted to be the custodians of the Spanish monarchy during the French takeover of Spain and were agains -
Stephen F. Austin
Provided that the colonists should be Roman catholics, or agree to become so before they entered the Spanish territory; that they should furnish undoubted evidence of good character and habits, and take an oath of fidelity to the king, to defend the government and political constitution of the Spanish monarchy. In addition, they were to be Louisianians. -
Mexico becomes a republic.
Mexico City and were supported by liberal criollos and mestizos; and the more conservative centralists, who preferred the rule of tradition and drew their allegiance from the clergy, conservative criollos, the landowners, and the military. -
US Mexican War
This mainly started because Texas wanted to become part of the United States which got Mexicans furios. Mexicans didn't want them to be part of the United States. Then the actual war begn two decades later, and when it was all done, Texans won, taking over Mexico's capital and becoming part of the Untied States. It all eneded with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. -
U.S. forces under General Winfield Scott enter Mexico City; peace negotiations with Mexico begin
The Mexican War started because Mexico began witha Mexican attack. againts merican troops. Fight ended when US General Winfield Scott occupied Mexico City on Sept. 14, 1847. -
Treaty of Guadalupe HIdalgo
In 1848, at the conclusion of the U.S.- Mexican War, the two countries signed the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. The treaty called for Mexico to give up almost half of its territory, which included modern-day California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas and parts of Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. In return, the U.S. paid $15 million in compensation for war-related damage to Mexican land. -
California Land Claims Act
After the Mexican American War, Mexican American land owners in United States territory began to lose their land at a disheartening pace. Either through fraud or force, Mexicans living in United States regions were often stripped of their rights to their land. -
Gadsden Purchase
The Mesilla Valley, along the Rio Grande about 75 miles north of El Paso, was the most practical southern route for a railroad to the Pacific Ocean. U.S. President Franklin Pierce wished to secure this land to fulfill railroad expansion in the west. In order to do so, Pierce and the American minister to Mexico, James Gadsden, orchestrated the Gadsden Purchase. -
The Battle of Puebla and Cinco fe Mayo
In 1862, the United States was in the middle of a civil war.Early on May 5, 1862, General Laurencez led 6,000 French troops toward Puebla, Mexico, just 100 miles from Mexico City -
Mexicans Laboring on the Railroad
El Paso became the hub of massive recruitment efforts of Mexican workers as American railway companies found themselves short on labor. Asian immigrants had done most of the work on the first transcontinental railroad, but the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 stopped immigration from China. -
Minning
Copper mining continues to lure people to Arizona, driving more Mexican Americans from their lands. First the copper ore from a open pit mine is blasted, loaded and transported to the primary crushers. The coarser ore goes to the heap leach, where the copper is subjected to a dilute sulfuric acid solution to dissolve the copper. -
Mexicans Laboring on the Railroad
El Paso became the hub of massive recruitment efforts of Mexican workers as American railway companies found themselves short on labor. Asian immigrants had done most of the work on the first transcontinental railroad, but the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 stopped immigration from China. -
Corridos
The songs mainly memorialize actual events with embellishments for dramatic effect. Because of their artistic take on real-life events, corridos serve a special duality of function, somewhere between oral history and societal myth. It is known that minstrels composed ballads for the feudal higher-ups and troubadours sang them for the commoners. -
Copper, Silver, and Zinc
Copper, silver, and zinc are found in Arizona and New Mexico; Texas begins to mine salt, leading to further expulsion of Mexican American land owners. It was also startng to become a major industry for the countries. -
Mexican Revolution and Immigration
Mexican Revolution began. It was the 20th Century’s first modern social revolution, destined to change Mexico’s society and economy. It would result in a flood of Mexican immigrants into the United States. The choices were simple for Mexicans who opposed the fighting: hide away or leave the country. Many of the Mexican citizens chose to head north, immigrating to the United States. The turmoil of the war, the danger, the economic catastrophe and social chaos surrounding the revolution pushed Me -
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution began. It was the 20th Century’s first modern social revolution, destined to change Mexico’s society and economy. The choices were simple for Mexicans who opposed the fighting: hide away or leave the country. Many of the Mexican citizens chose to head north, immigrating to the United States. -
The Tampico Affair
Trying to protect Mexican landowners known as hacendados and old army officers from Mexican President Francisco I. Madero’s reforms, and fearing that Madero would seize all land held by foreign business, General Victoriano Huerta led a coup that seized power and murdered Madero. The American capitalists supported Huerta, but President Woodrow Wilson did not. In April 1914, nine American soldiers were arrested for allegedly entering a prohibited zone in Tampico. With this action, Wilson had an ex -
Woodrow Wilson
Trying to protect Mexican landowners known as hacendados and old army officers from Mexican President Francisco I. Madero’s reforms, and fearing that Madero would seize all land held by foreign business, General Victoriano Huerta led a coup that seized power and murdered Madero. -
U.S Marines
U.S. Marines are held by Mexican authorities at Tampico, Mexico. Despite Mexico’s apology, President Wilson orders the U.S. fleet to attack and occupy Veracruz, Mexico to assert the rights of Americans. -
Corridos
Corridos are essentially ballads, a centuries-old form of narrative song that flourished along the border. The roots of the art form are buried under the memory lapse of time. It is known, however, that minstrels composed ballads for the feudal higher-ups and troubadours sang them for the commoners. The songs mainly memorialize actual events with embellishments for dramatic effect. Because of their artistic take on real-life events, corridos serve a special duality of function, somewhere between
