-
325
pytheas
Pytheas of Massalia or (using the Latin form) Massilia (Ancient Greek Πυθέας ὁ Μασσαλιώτης) (4th century BC), was a Greek geographer and explorer from the Greek colony, Massalia (modern day Marseilles). He made a voyage of exploration to northwestern Europe at about 325 BC. He travelled around and visited a considerable part of Great Britain. Some of his observations may be the earliest report of Stonehenge.[citation needed] Pytheas is the first person on record to describe the Midnight Sun,[1] -
500
Chinese bc
7 Voyagers outside China to spread
Chinese culture
– 37,000 men and 317 ships
Very large ships; 400 feet long; 9 masts
Magnetic compass (load stone) & charts
Did not collect wealth, spread religion,
or conquer
Chinese could not continue this trend
due to extraordinary cost. -
Jan 5, 1400
prince henry and the navigator
Early to mid 1400’s Prince Henry “The
Navigator” established a marine observatory to
improve the Portuguese sailing endeavors and
conquered one of the greatest trades
problems-getting around the tip of Africa
The Cape of Good Hope was finally rounded by
Bartholomeu Diaz in 1486
Explored canary isles, African coast (Columbus
1492)
Vasco de Gama rounded Africa and continued
on to India in 1498
This event was followed by Spain, England, &
other Europeans searching for new lands.
The Pacif -
Jan 7, 1513
ferdinand megellan
He circum navigated the globe through a passage way at 52 degrees south latitude now called the straight of magellan -
benjamin franklin
Determined that it took mail
ships coming from Europe.
Discovering Surface currents
and therefore in 1777 published
the first map of the Gulf
Stream.
Suggested use of thermometers
to locate warm waters of G.S.
– Eastbound stay in G.S.
– Westbound avoid G.S. -
James Cook
Captain James Cook FRS RN ( 7 November [ O.S. 27 October] 1728 – 14 February 1779) was an English explorer, navigator and cartographer, ultimately rising to the rank of Captain in the Royal Navy. Cook was the first to map Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean during which he achieved the first European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands as well as the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand. -
matthew maury
He was nicknamed Pathfinder of the Seas and Father of modern Oceanography and Naval Meteorology and later, Scientist of the Seas, due to the publication of his extensive works in his books, especially Physical Geography of the Sea 1855, the first extensive and comprehensive book on oceanography to be published. Maury made many important new contributions to charting winds and ocean currents, including ocean lanes for passing ships at sea -
challenger expedition
This expedition was a scientific exercise where caption george nares traveled from England across 70000 nautical miles to explore. -
sonar
SOund NAvigation and Ranging. -
bathysphere
The first bathysphere was devised by Otis Barton in 1928.The sphere was fitted with 3-inch-thick (76 mm) windows made of fused quartz, the strongest transparent material then available, and had a 400-pound entrance hatch which was bolted down before a descent.[1][2] Oxygen was supplied from a high-pressure cylinder carried inside the sphere, while electric fans circulated the air over pans of soda lime to absorb exhaled CO2 and calcium chloride to absorb moisture.[1] -
ptolemy
Ptolemy was the author of several scientific treatises, at least three of which were of continuing importance to later Islamic and European science. The first is the astronomical treatise now known as the Almagest (in Greek, Ἡ Μεγάλη Σύνταξις, "The Great Treatise", originally Μαθηματικὴ Σύνταξις, "Mathematical Treatise"). The second is the Geography, which is a thorough discussion of the geographic knowledge of the Greco-Roman world. The third is the astrological treatise known sometimes in Gree -
Phoenicians BC
2000 BC – Traveled extensively throughout
Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
They discovered the Canary Islands and
established trade with Eastern Asia. -
Polynesians bc
Had enough ships to carry supplies for
colonization of Pacific Islands, including
Hawaii
Skillful and experienced navigators
Unclear history, not written down
Navigated by watching wave patterns; made
maps made of shells and sticks
New Guinea --> Samoa --> New Zealand --> Hawaii
2000 BC 1000 BC 800 BC 500 AD -
Period: to
eratosphere
deteremined the worlds circumfranc
