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The first to determine the world’s circumference by using
observations obtained while looking down a
well on the summer solstice. -
Worked out a method for determining latitudes and
using astronomical measurements
proposed that tides were a product of
lunar influences. -
Established a marine observatory to improve the Portuguese sailing endeavors and conquered one of the greatest trades
problems-getting around the tip of Africa. -
Circumnavigated the globe through a passage way at 52° S latitude now called the Straights of Magellan.
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Began calculating Longitudes and published his findings in the royal Society’s Philosophical transactions for 1767. Cook discovered Hawaiian group in 1778 and determined the outline of the worlds largest ocean and the first person known to cross the Atlantic circle.
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Determined that it took mailships coming from Europe.
Discovering Surface currents and therefore in 1777 published
the first map of the GulfStream.
Suggested use of thermometers to locate warm waters of G.S. -
US Navy officer who compiled Navel Charts and Instrumentations that when used, logged, and compiled allowed sailors to avoid catastrophic weather conditions,
currents, and tides.
In 1853 established uniform methods of making nautical and meteorological observations at sea. -
Investigated the whole of nature leading him to make
one of the most outstanding contributions to biology while
on his voyage aboard the H.M.S Beagle. -
First large-scale voyage with the purpose of increasing knowledge of the distribution of life in the ocean and of the chemical and physical properties of the ocean.
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In use, the bathysphere was suspended from a one-inch (2.54 cm) cable, and a solid rubber hose carried an electrical supply and telephone wires which were the occupants' only means of communication with the surface. The entire apparatus, including the cable and associated lines, weighed approximately 10,000 pounds (4,536 kg) submerged.[2]
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During the 1930s American engineers developed their own underwater sound detection technology and important discoveries were made, such as thermoclines, that would help future development. After technical information was exchanged between the two countries during the Second World War, Americans began to use the term SONAR for their systems, coined as the equivalent of Radar.
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Eric the Red sailed westward from Greenland and discovered Baffin Island.
