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Period: to
Plankalkul
Creator(s): Konrad Zuse
Purpose: It was the first high-level (non-von Neumann) programming language to be designed for a computer.
Name: "Plan Calculus" in German. -
Fortran
Creator(s): John Backus and IBM.
Purpose: Fortran is still used today for programming scientific and mathematical applications.
Name: The name FORTRAN is an acronym for FORmula TRANslation, because it was designed to allow easy translation of math formulas into code. -
MATH-MATIC
Creator(s): Charles Katz under the direction of Grace Hopper.
Purpose: An early programming language for the UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II.
Name: MATH-MATIC is the marketing name for the AT-3 compiler. -
Lisp
Creator(s): Steve Russell, Timothy P. Hart, and Mike Levin.
Purpose: Lisp is particularly useful for symbolic manipulation and reflection-esque capabilities.
Name: LISP, an acronym for list processing. -
RPG
Creator(s): IBM
Purpose: For business applications and included in the IBM Power i platform. RPG was initially created as a report-writing tool on card-input IBM mainframes.
Name: Report Program Generator. -
Period: to
COBOL
Creator(s): Howard Bromberg, Howard Discount, Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet, William Selden, Gertrude Tierney
Purpose: A compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is imperative, procedural and, since 2002, object-oriented.
Name: An acronym for "common business-oriented language") -
PASCAL
Creator(s): Niklaus Wirth
Purpose: Efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring. It was developed for teaching programming as a systematic discipline and to develop reliable and efficient programs.
Name: It is named in honor of the French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal. -
BASIC
Creator(s): John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz
Purpose: To provide a way for students to write simple computer programs. Since then, the language has evolved into a more robust and powerful language and can be used to create advanced programs for today's computer systems.
Name: Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. -
LOGO
Creator(s): Wally Feurzeig, Seymour Papert, and Cynthia Solomon
Purpose: It is used to teach students and children to program a computer. It was developed to process lists of words.
Name: Logo is not an acronym: the name was coined by Feurzeig while he was at Bolt, Beranek and Newman, and derives from the Greek logos, meaning word or thought. -
B
Creator(s): Ken Tompson, Dennis Ritchie
Purpose: For primarily non-numeric applications such as system programming. These typically involve complex logical decision-making, and processing of integers, characters, and bit strings.
Name: Derived from BCPL which stands for Basic Combined Programming Language. -
Period: to
C
Creator(s): Dennis Ritchie & Bell Labs
Purpose: Used for scripting system applications which form a major part of Windows, UNIX, and Linux operating system; can efficiently work on enterprise applications, games, graphics, and applications requiring calculations.
Name: The letter C succeeds B, was meant to succeed that language. -
ML
Creator(s): Robin Milner and his colleagues at the University of Edinburgh
Purpose: Its types and pattern matching make it well-suited and commonly used to operate on other formal languages, such as in compiler writing, automated theorem proving, and formal verification.
Name: ML ("Meta Language") -
SQL
Creator(s): Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce.
Purpose: A database management language for relational databases. SQL itself is not a programming language, but its standard allows creating procedural extensions for it, which extend it to functionality of a mature programming language.
Name: Structured Query Language. -
C++
Creator(s): Bjarne Stroustrup
Purpose: It helps in optimizing the resources. It supports multiplayer option with networking. uses of C++ allows procedural programming for intensive functions of CPU and to provide control over hardware, and this language is very fast because of which it is widely used in developing different games or in gaming engines.
Name: Its name reflects its origins; C++ literally means 'increment C by 1.' It was renamed C++ in 1983, but retains a strong link to C. -
ADA
Creator(s): Jean Ichbiah, S. Tucker Taft
Purpose: Designed to be a general purpose language. Structured, object-oriented, generic, distributed and concurrent programming.
Name: Named after Ada Lovelace in the 1980’s. -
Python
Creator(s): Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands.
Purpose: You can use Python for developing desktop GUI applications, websites and web applications. Also, Python, as a high level programming language, allows you to focus on core functionality of the application by taking care of common programming tasks.
Name: Guido van Rossum was also reading “Monty Python's Flying Circus”, a BBC comedy series from the 1970s. Rossum decided to call the language Python. -
Java
Creator(s): James Gosling from Sun Microsystems and his team.
Purpose: Java is used for developing all types of cross platform applications . Java is used for developing Mobile, Desktop, web, serverside and dynamic web applications. It is also used for Android application development and application for embedded devices.
Name: The language was initially called Oak after an oak tree outside Gosling's office. Later the project went by the name Green and was finally renamed Java, from Java coffee. -
Visual Basic
Creator(s): Alan Cooper, which was further developed by Cooper and his associates under contract to Microsoft.
Purpose: Visual basic programming language allows programmers to create software interface and codes in an easy to use graphical environment. VB is the combination of components that are used on forms having specific attributes and actions.
Name: It was developed as an extension to Basic. This is from way back before .NET. "Visual" Basic was "Visual" because of the development GUI. -
Delphi
Creator(s): Embarcadero company (formerly CodeGear and more formerly Borland)
Purpose: A rapid application development tool for Windows as the successor of Turbo Pascal with support generics and anonymous methods and native Component Object Model (COM) support.
Name: "Delphi" started out as a beta codename for a closely guarded skunkworks project at Borland: a next-generation visual development environment for Windows based on Borland's Object Pascal programming language. -
JavaScript
Creator(s): Brendan Eich
Purpose: A company called Netscape recruited Eich in 1995, because they wanted him to create a programming language for that web browser.
Name: Although it was developed under the name Mocha, the language was officially called LiveScript when it first shipped in beta releases of Netscape Navigator 2.0 in September 1995, but it was renamed JavaScript when it was deployed in the Netscape Navigator 2.0 beta 3 in December. -
PHP
Creator(s): Rasmus Lerdorf
Purpose: Ever since its beginning it has been one of the most intuitive programming languages used for the creation of dynamic web pages.
Name: Means Personal Home Page language.