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Jan 1, 1492
European Discovery - America
The New World was born in 1492 when Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas. Tribal groups in these areas are known as the First Nations. Shortly after Columbus's discovery, people migrated from England to America to establish new colonies -
Movement of Peoples - Establishment of British Colonies in America
In 1607, the first successful British colony was established in America. This colony was called Jamestown, in honour of King James I of England. In 1620, a second colony was established north of Jamestown at New Plymouth. -
The Enlightenment
The enlightenment was a period of time between around the seventeenth and eighteenth century where people started to question the beliefs of the church and the king. It was a time of change where the people were given more power, while the church was being given less power. -
Industrial Revolution - Creation of the Spinning Jenny
The 1767 invention of the spinning jenny by James Hargreaves was one of the earliest examples of mass production, because one worker could use more than one spool of cotton at a time. This meant that more cloth was being produced in a shorter amount of time. -
European Discovery - Australia
In 1770, Captain James Cook discovered Australia. This extended the British Empire into the Southern Hemisphere. However, it was 18 years until the First Fleet came to Australia. The British Empire decided to use Australia as a prison, as the English prisons were overcrowded. Many free settlers also came to Australia to establish a colony. -
Industrial Revolution - Invention of the Steam Engine
The invention of the steam engine by James Watt was the symbol of the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution lasted until the beginning of the 20th century. The industrial revolution saw Europe evolve from being an agricultural economy to one of manufacturing items. -
Arrival of the First Fleet
The first fleet of convicts arrived at Port Jackson in New South Wales. The first convict colony was established here. Another convict colony was established at Port Arthur in Tasmania. Colonies eventually spread out into Victoria, Queensland, Northern Territory and Western Australia. South Australia (which was proclaimed a colony in 1836) was the only state to have only free settlers. -
Movement of Peoples - Convicts to Australia
From the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 to the Federation of Australia in 1901, Convicts were transported from Britain to Australia as punishment for crimes that they committed. Their sentence was for 7 years, but many couldn't afford to go home, so they stayed here forever. However, many free settlers also came to Australia, as it gave them new opportunities. Many free settlers purchased land, which they used to grow crops and livestock. -
Making A Nation- Australia
On the 1st of January 1901, the Federation of Australia commenced. This meant that Australia was no longer a colony of the British Empire, although it remained under Commonwealth reign. This also meant that Australia would now have its own constitution, laws and Prime Minister. Six separate colonies (states) were part of the Federation, these being South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania, Northern Territory and Queensland. -
Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
On the 28th of June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire was assassinated by Serbian Gavrilo Princip. Ferdinand and his wife were travelling in a motorcade through the streets of Sarajevo, when Princip fired two shots, killing Ferdinand and wife Sophie. This assassination led to tensions between Serbia and Austro-Hungary, which led to World War 1. -
Great Britain declares war on Germany
On August 4 1914, Great Britain declared war on Germany. This eventually led to Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Newfoundland and Canada joining Great Britain, as they are all British colonies. The reason that Britain declared war on Germany was because Belgium was invaded by Germany in early August. Britain sent Germany an ultimatum on August 3 to withdraw from neutral Belgium or Britain will declare war. When Germany didn't withdraw, Britain declared war on Germany. -
ANZAC Landing at Z Beach- Gallipoli
At dawn on April 25 1915, the ANZAC forces landed at Z-Beach, later known as ANZAC Cove. They were attacked by the Ottoman Forces, and many soldiers died before they could make it onto the beach. The ANZACs mission was to claim the Ottoman trenches. The ANZAC forces fought at Gallipoli for 18 months. In that time, hundreds of thousands of troops were killed or wounded. -
Bibliography
Pearson Places Textbook (History 9)
Images sourced from Google Images
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment
http://www.history.com/topics/america-in-the-british-empire
