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Year 9 History
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The invention of the Watt steam engine
The Watt steam engines, created between 1764 to 1775, is an engine that uses steam to force down pistons helped by partial vacuums. In 1764 James Watt repaired a Newcomen steam engine and noticed that it was extremely inefficient. He improved the engine by adding a separate condenser and rotary motion doubling the efficiency. The engines were used in 3 ways, one being able to power mill machinery which contributed to society by enabling metals and other solid materials to be machined easier. -
James Cook charts the east coast of Australia
James Cook was a British explorer that went to explore Terra Australis incognita, (Australia). His first observation of the land recorded was sighting of indigenous Australians and docking into Botany Bay which he explained to be full of green vegetation. The cause of this event was he was sent by Admiralty ordering him to explore the Southern Ocean. A major cultural/social effect was that the aboriginals had there land taken away from them ruining their culture as it became more western. -
The gatling gun
The Gatling gun was invented by Dr Richard Gatling during 1861, which was the first of its kind, being able to fire 400 rounds per minute. During the colonization of Australia the Gatling gun was used to force entry into foreign land, over powering the indigenous, leading to colonization. The gun was able to threaten aboriginals into doing what they were told, changing their culture into a more western way of living, included the clothing they wore , food they ate and shelter they lived in. -
Australia's first Prime Minister is appointed
On January 1 1901 Lord Hopetoun proclaimed the Commonwealth of Australia as a federation sworn on my Edmund Barton’s ministry. This means that instead of Australia having individual colonies, it now has states. On the same day Barton became Prime Minister of Australia as the Protectionists had won the most seats. A major social affect having of having a prime minister was the enforcement and change of law. A change that was made was raising the revenue. -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassination
Archduke-Franz-Ferdinand and his wife are travelling around the city of Sarajevo, where 7 assassins are waiting to kill. By chance Princip (an assassin) decides to get lunch where he is meet by the Archduke travelling straight towards him. He shoots Archduke-Franz-Ferdinand and is wife killing them both. A major social/political event was that it its thought the assassination caused WW1 by the retaliations of the Russians. -
The ANZAC'S arrive at Gallipoli
On the 25 of April 1915 boats filled with Australian and New Zealander troops lined the shores of Gallipoli, where they would spend 3/4 of a year fighting against the Turkish. Once the landing of the troop’s battle instantly began. Their objective was to seize parts Sari Bair range to cut Turkish supply and threaten Turkish forces fighting southwards. A major social affect was the amount of life’s lost during the Gallipoli war. Approximately 8,000 Australian died either to disease or injuries.
