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Period: to
WWII Asian Theater
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Cash-and-Carry Provision
- Passed by the Congress: Allowed warring nations to purchase U.S. arms if they paid cash and transported the weapons on their own ships.- Helped Britain and France defeat Hitler, and kept America out of the war.
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German U-Boats
- German U-boats attacked merchant ships in the Atlantic. This would build up tension between U.S. and Germany
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The Tripartite Pact
Act Signed - This pact was signed by Germany, Italy, and Japan. - This mutual defense treaty aimed at keeping the U.S. out of war. -
Lend-Lease Plan
- Established after Britain could no longer afford to pay for the weapons from U.S. - Allowed the president to lend/lease arms to “any country whose defense was vital to the U.S. - Supported Britain and USSR (“The enemy of U.S.’s enemy is U.S.’s friend”)
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OIl Embargo on Japan
- After Japan took over many countries in Asia (mostly China), the U.S. cut off oil trade with Japan. - Oil was crucial: used to fuel Japan’s war machines. Japan has two choices: 1. Convince U.S. to end oil embargoSeize oil fields in the Dutch East Indies.
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Atlantic Charter
- Churchill and Roosevelt settled for joint declaration on war aims (for security, disarmament, self determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas.
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Japan's Plan
- Hideki Tojo, the chief of staff of Japan’s army, orders the Japanese army to prepare for an attack on the U.S.
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Japan's Message Intercepted
- Roosevelt received a message that instructed the Japan’s peace envoy to reject all of America’s peace proposals.
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Pearl Harbor
Bombing
- Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, the largest U.S. naval base in the Pacific. - Lasted for an hour an and half- Killed 2,403 Americans, and wounded over 1,178. - Greater destruction America suffered than after WWI. -
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The Axis Powers Declare War
Italy and Germany declares war against the U.S. -
Battle of Midway
- The U.S. defeated an Imperial Japanese Navy attack against Midway Atoll, causing a huge damage to the Japanese navy. - Turning point in the Pacific War.
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Bougainville
American forces are attacked by Japanese troops in the Bougainville; the battle that will last five days. Japan loses. -
Tokyo Bombed
Tokyo is bombed for the first time after the Doolittle raid of April, 1942. -
President Truman becomes President
Truman becomes the president of U.S. (on Roosevelt’s death) -
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Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Footage- August 6 (Hiroshima), August 9 (Nagasaki) 1945- U.S. dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. - Hiroshima: “Little Boy” killed 80,000. - Nagasaki: “Fat Man” killed 70,000. -
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WWII Ends
WWII Ends with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. -
Korea and Manchuria become Independent
- With Japan’s surrender, Korean and Manchuria became independent. - U.S. supported South Korea, and USSR supported North Korea.
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Cold War
- Since 1940
- The U.S. and the Soviet Union became enemies/competitors.
- America saw USSR as a threat to America’s national security. - War of ideologies: democracy/capitalism vs communism.
