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Hitler joins the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazis)
Political Event Who- Adolf Hitler and the German people What- The group promoted German pride and anti-Semitism, and expressed dissatisfaction with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles Where- Germany Why- WW1 left the nation economically depressed and politically unstable, allowed for radical leadership to take place. People were depret for restoration of Germany. When- Founded in 1919, Hitler became its leader in 1921. -
Treaty of Versailles is signed
Political Event Who- Allies, no participation by Germans. What- Treaty that wanted to keep future peace and officially ended WW1. Greatly weakened Germans, trillions U.S. dollars in war reparations and lost many colonies. Decreased military, no air force or navy. Army can only have 100,000 men, used only for defense. Where- Paris, France. Why- Germany lost the war, only central power left. Had to pay reparations for war. When- June 28, 1919 -
Mussolini Forms the Fascist Party in Italy
Political Event Who - Benito Mussolini, a WW1 veteran and a publisher of the Socialist newspapers What - The creation of a new Italian political party, one dictatorial leader. Where- Italy When- The Fascist party was created in 1919. Why- The new fascist party promotes Italian nationalism, black shirt
uniforms, and launched terrorism against its opponents. -
Washington Naval Conference
Political Event Who - Called by United States President Warren G. Harding What - A conference between nine different countries to discuss naval disarmament and to discuss growing tensions in East Asia Where- Washington D.C., USA When- 1921-1922 Why- International leaders came together to help prevent another world war and discuss the rise of Japanese militarism. -
Mussolini Threatens to March on Rome
Political Event Who - Benito Mussolini What - Mussolini threatened to march on Rome to violently take over the Italian government if it was not handed over. The government was slow to respond, allowing the Fascists to take control over some local governments. Where- Rome When- October 1922 Why- Mussolini feared a gradual takeover would be stopped by other groups. Benito felt he would be forced to take Rome. -
Beer Hall Putsch
Political event Who - Hitler and the Nazis What - The Nazis invaded the Bavarian state government. This was a failure and Hitler was imprisoned. When - November 8th and 9th 1923 Where - Munich Government Why - The leader of the Nazi Party was unhappy with the Wiemar Republic agreeing to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and wanted Germany to continue the fight. His view was this would have stopped the hyperinflation. -
Hitler Goes to Prison and Writes Mein Kampf
Political Event Who - Adolf Hitler, the leader of the Nazi Party What - Hitler was arrested following the Beer Hall Putsch and wrote his autobiography. The book describes his political ideology as well as his future plans for Germany. There ended up being two volumes of the book, the first being released in 1925 and the second in the following year. Where- German prison When- 1924-1926 Why- Adolf Hitler ended up writing his autobiography to encourage people to join his fascist movement. -
Kellogg Briand Pact
Political Event Who - Frank B. Kellogg, US secretary of state Aristide Briand, French Foreign Minister What - A multi-international agreement to stop wars. Where- Paris, France When- August 1928 Why- To prevent future conflicts. -
Japan occupies Manchuria, China
Political Event Who- The Chinese nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek and
the Joseon army in Korea under General Senjūrō Hayashi. What- Seizure of the Manchurian city of Mukden by Japanese troops in 1931, without government approval. Where- Manchira, China. Why- They had felt that the neutrality of the area was necessary for the defense of their colony in Korea. When- September 18, 1931 -
Geneva Disarmament Conference
Political Event Who - Countries in the League of Nations What - This meeting was about arms reduction between the League of Nations. The group decided that Germany could not have the same size military as the rest of the nations which ended up being the cause of why Germany left the League of Nations. Where- Geneva, Switzerland When- February 1932 Why- This was made to reduce conflicts with Germany, Italy, and Japan. -
Hitler Places Second in German National Elections for President
Political event Who- Paul von Hindenburg - First Place
Adolf Hitler - Second Place What- The German presidential elections. Where- Germany- Berlin Why- Under the Weimar system, the presidency was a powerful office. Hindenburg, who deeply distrusted and personally detested Hitler, had been motivated to run for a second term primarily by a desire to stop Hitler from winning the presidency. When- Election held on March 13, 1932 -
Germany withdraws from League of Nations
Political Event Who - Germany led by Adolf Hitler What - Germany left the league of nations, a group made to prevent future wars Where- Germany When- October 14, 1933 Why- Germany left the League of Nations after the Geneva Disarmament Conference. After the Allied Powers failed to accept giving the Germans an equal army, Germany left the League of Nations. -
President von Hindenburg dies
Social Event Who- President von Hindenburg What- Dies, opens door for the rule of Adolf Hitler. Where- Germany, buried next to his wife. Why- Lung cancer When- August 2, 1934 -
Hitler Merges Offices Chancellor & President
Political Event Who- Adolf Hitler What- Hitler wanted chancellor for himself, current chancellor was forced to resign due to Hitler’s mass amount of supporters. Hitler had Roem executed without trial, which encouraged the army and other reactionary forces within the country to urge Hitler to further consolidate his power by merging the presidency and the chancellorship. Where- Berlin, Germany Why- Adolf Hitler wanted to take full control over Germany. When- August 1934 -
Great Depression ends in Germany
Economic Event Who- Adolf Hitler and the German people. What- Hitler followed an autarky economic policy. By cutting wages and taking control of labor unions, plus public works spending, unemployment fell significantly by 1935. Where- Central Europe, Latin America and Germany. Why- Great depression in America crippled Germany the worst. The impact of the Wall Street Crash forced American banks to end the new loans that had been funding German repayments. When- 1935 -
Mussolini invades Ethiopia
Political Event Who - Benito Mussolini, Italian Army What - The army pushed back the Ethiopian army easily, Making Victor Emmanuel III the King of Ethiopia. Where- Ethiopia When- 1935, 1936 Why- Wanted to expand German/Italian territory -
Hitler militarizes the Rhineland
Political Event Who - Adolf Hitler and the German military What - The Nazis violate the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact by sending the German military to the Rhineland. Where- The Rhineland in western Germany When- March 7, 1936 Why- After the Nazi Party promised vengeance against the Allies for the Treaty of Versailles which caused the German economy and military to collapse. -
Rome Berlin Axis of 1936
Political Event Who- The Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano, The countries of Italy and Germany What- A military and political alliance between Italy and Germany. Where- Berlin, Germany Why- It linked the two fascists countries together. When- October 25, 1936 -
Japanese Invasion of China
Political Event Who - China, Japan What - A war between China and Japan over influence in China. Where- China When- July 7 1937 to September 1945, Japan’s influence started in 1931 Why- The cause of the Second Sino-Japanese War was because of the Chinese resistance to the Japanese influence in their territory. -
Italy Withdraws from League of Nations
Political Event Who - Benito Mussolini What - Italy left the League of Nations Where- Rome, Italy When- 1937 Why- The League of Nations set economic sanctions of Italy after their invasion of Abyssinia, causing Italy to leave. -
Hitler and Nazi Germany Annex Austria
Political Event Who- Nazi Germany and Austria. What- Hitler sent troops into Austria to make the government under his control, and made Austria a part of Germany. Where- Vienna Why- Austrian Nazis conspired to seize the Austrian government by force and unite their nation with Nazi Germany On March 9, Schuschnigg called a national vote to resolve the question of annexation. When- March 12, 1938 -
Hitler and Nazi Germany Gain Sudetenland
Political Event Who- Leaders of Nazi Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy What- Adolf Hitler had threatened to take the Sudetenland by force. The Czechoslovakian government resisted, but its allies Britain and France, were willing to negotiate with Hitler, trying to avoid war. Where- The northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were inhabited by Sudeten Germans. Why- Hitler wanted to unite all Germans into one nation. When- September 30, 1938. -
Hitler Occupies Czechoslovakia
Political Event Who- Hitler, Nazi party and polish people. What- After Hitler got Austria, his next ambition was to take control of Czechoslovakia. Started with Subentaland, German speaking population of Czechoslovakia, and Germany eventually gained control of the entire country with little resistance. Where- Czechoslovakia, nation in Central Europe. Why- Hitler wanted the German speaking population to be untied under the same country. When- March 15, 1939 initial invasion -
Hitler and Stalin sign Non-Aggression Pact
Political Event Who- Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin What- The two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years, also a secret pact to split of Eastern Europe after the war. Where- Signed in Berlin. Why- Stalin saw the future war was about to occur, wanted time to build up his military. When- August 23, 1939 -
Germany invades Poland
Political Event Who- Polish army and German army What- Used blitzkrieg to quickly take Poland. This was characterized by extensive bombing early on to destroy the enemy’s air capacity, railroads, communication lines, and munitions dumps, followed by a massive land invasion with overwhelming numbers of troops, tanks, and artillery. Where- Poland Why- Hitler said it was a defensive action, to regain Germany’s lost territory in Poland from WW1. When- September 1, 1939- October 6 1939 -
Britain and France declare war on Nazi Germany
Political Event Who- Britain, France and Germany What- Britain and France finally officially united against the Nazi threat. Where- In London, Prime Minister gave speech. Why- British ocean liner Athenia, which was sunk by a German U-30 submarine that had assumed the liner was armed. Also, in response to Hitler's invasion of Poland, Britain and France, both allies of the overrun nation declared war. When- September 3, 1939 -
France Surrenders and is Occupied by Nazi Germany
Political Event Who - Prime Minister Henri Petain What - An armistice was signed between Nazi Germany and France which caused France to surrender. Where- Paris, France When- June 1940 Why- France was greatly losing against Nazi Germany. -
Japan, Italy, and Germany Sign the Tripartite Pact
Political Event Who - Japan, Italy, Germany What - The treaty made Japan Italy and Germany allies. Where- Berlin, Germany When- September 27, 1940 Why- The treaty provide mutual assistance if any of the allied nations are attacked, the others will help
